Scissor-tailed Hummingbird
Hylonympha macrocerca
Unmistakable hummingbird with long, scissor-shaped tail, overall green with decurved bill and white spot behind eye. Male recalls Violet-fronted Brilliant but with long and forked black tail and blue forehead; female very different, with shorter but still forked tail, white throat, green-speckled chest, and buffy belly, recalling female of Long-tailed Sylph. Found alone inside humid forests or forest borders at low to mid levels, often at Heliconia patches. Voice a short burst “tsi, tsi, tsip.” No similar species in its very limited range. Endemic to the Paria peninsula of northeastern Venezuela.
识别特征
The scissor-tailed hummingbird male is about 19 cm (7.5 in) long including its 9 to 10 cm (3.5 to 3.9 in) tail and weighs 7 to 7.5 g (0.25 to 0.26 oz). Females are 12 to 13 cm (4.7 to 5.1 in) long and weigh 6.5 to 8 g (0.23 to 0.28 oz). Both sexes have a long slightly decurved black bill.<p>Males have a glittering violet forehead and center of the crown; the rest of the crown is a very dark green that is almost black. Their back is metallic grass green with a golden wash on the neck. The throat and breast are glittering emerald green and the rest of the underparts a duller and darker green that becomes blackish on the belly. The flanks have green spots. The blackish purple tail's outermost feathers are much longer and broader than the others. <p>Females are dark glittering green above including the forehead and crown. Their throat and breast are white, spotted with green except in the center of the breast. The belly and undertail coverts are rufous chestnut. The tail is forked but not nearly as dramatically as the male's. Its central feathers are green at the base and steel blue at the end. The outer feathers are cinnamon with beige tips.
分类信息
The scissor-tailed hummingbird is the only member of its genus and has no subspecies. A proposal in the early 21st century to move it into genus Eugenes was not adopted by major worldwide taxonomic systems.
- 学名
- Hylonympha macrocerca
- 命名信息
- Gould, 1873
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Hylonympha
分布与栖息地
The scissor-tailed hummingbird is found only on the Paria Peninsula of northeastern Venezuela. It primarily inhabits the interior of damp mature subtropical forest and cloudforest, and is also found at forest edges and in small clearings. In elevation it ranges from 500 to 1,200 m (1,600 to 3,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The scissor-tailed hummingbird is sedentary.<p>The scissor-tailed hummingbird feeds on nectar, mainly from flowering bromeliads but also from flowers of genera Heliconia and Costus. Females might defend feeding territories. In addition to nectar, the species feeds on arthropods by gleaning from vegetation and by hawking from a perch.<p>Nothing is known about the scissor-tailed hummingbird's breeding phenology.<p>What is thought to be the scissor-tailed hummingbird's song is "a short, pulsating burst...'tsi-si-sip...tsi-si-sip...tsi-si-sip....' or 'tsi-sip...tsi-sip...tsi-sip...'".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Dusky-tailed Flatbill
Ramphotrigon fuscicauda
Medium-sized, olive-brown flycatcher. Faint reddish wingbars and yellowish undersides, with diffuse olive streaking on the breast. Perches upright with a typical flatbill body shape: a big head and a long tail. Found in bamboo and occasionally in dense viny secondary growth, especially around water. Gives a variety of whistled calls and songs; its main song is a three part whistle-trill-whistle series: “tew, tetrrrrrr-tew-tew-tew. . . .”
Fulvous Parrotbill
Suthora fulvifrons
Small, ornate parrotbill with a pale belly and a long gray eyebrow. Orange overall with dark wing panels and a variable amount of white on the face. Central Chinese birds have a white face patch, while southern Chinese and Himalayan birds are limited to a short and largely unnoticeable white stripe under the cheek. Moves in large flocks through bamboo stands in coniferous and mixed foothill and montane forests. Lacks the dark throat of Black-throated and Golden Parrotbills.
Slaty-chinned Longbill
Toxorhamphus poliopterus
A small, sunbirdlike bird of montane forest. Long, thin, curved bill and olive body with slaty wings, head and contrasting yellow, lower throat. Similar to several other species, but Slaty-chinned Longbill lacks the gray chest of Spectacled Longbill and female Black Sunbird, lacks the yellow eye-brow of female Olive-backed Sunbird and has a contrasting gray head and yellow throat, unlike the lower elevation Yellow-bellied Longbill. Song, a high-pitch jumble of slurred notes sometimes interspersed with loud downward “chew!” calls.
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