Scissor-tailed Hummingbird
Hylonympha macrocerca
Unmistakable hummingbird with long, scissor-shaped tail, overall green with decurved bill and white spot behind eye. Male recalls Violet-fronted Brilliant but with long and forked black tail and blue forehead; female very different, with shorter but still forked tail, white throat, green-speckled chest, and buffy belly, recalling female of Long-tailed Sylph. Found alone inside humid forests or forest borders at low to mid levels, often at Heliconia patches. Voice a short burst “tsi, tsi, tsip.” No similar species in its very limited range. Endemic to the Paria peninsula of northeastern Venezuela.
识别特征
The scissor-tailed hummingbird male is about 19 cm (7.5 in) long including its 9 to 10 cm (3.5 to 3.9 in) tail and weighs 7 to 7.5 g (0.25 to 0.26 oz). Females are 12 to 13 cm (4.7 to 5.1 in) long and weigh 6.5 to 8 g (0.23 to 0.28 oz). Both sexes have a long slightly decurved black bill.<p>Males have a glittering violet forehead and center of the crown; the rest of the crown is a very dark green that is almost black. Their back is metallic grass green with a golden wash on the neck. The throat and breast are glittering emerald green and the rest of the underparts a duller and darker green that becomes blackish on the belly. The flanks have green spots. The blackish purple tail's outermost feathers are much longer and broader than the others. <p>Females are dark glittering green above including the forehead and crown. Their throat and breast are white, spotted with green except in the center of the breast. The belly and undertail coverts are rufous chestnut. The tail is forked but not nearly as dramatically as the male's. Its central feathers are green at the base and steel blue at the end. The outer feathers are cinnamon with beige tips.
分类信息
The scissor-tailed hummingbird is the only member of its genus and has no subspecies. A proposal in the early 21st century to move it into genus Eugenes was not adopted by major worldwide taxonomic systems.
- 学名
- Hylonympha macrocerca
- 命名信息
- Gould, 1873
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Hylonympha
分布与栖息地
The scissor-tailed hummingbird is found only on the Paria Peninsula of northeastern Venezuela. It primarily inhabits the interior of damp mature subtropical forest and cloudforest, and is also found at forest edges and in small clearings. In elevation it ranges from 500 to 1,200 m (1,600 to 3,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Peruvian Pipit
Anthus peruvianus
Streaky brown bird of open, treeless areas along the coastal plain and in adjacent hills. Range is mostly confined to Peru, but also reaches northern Chile. Thin bill helps separate it from finches; also note its yellow legs. No other pipit shares its coastal range. Spends most of the time on the ground, occasionally coming up to perch on a pole, fence, rock, etcetera. Song is a series of chips followed by a gravelly rasp.
Common Squirrel-Cuckoo
Piaya cayana
Very striking and long-tailed bright rusty cuckoo, widespread in tropical lowlands and locally up into foothills. No similar species in Mexico and Central America. Occurs in a wide range of wooded and forest edge habitats. Mostly forages stealthily at mid-upper levels in trees, where can be surprisingly difficult to see. Often seen swooping across roads and eliciting a ‘wow’ reaction. Underside of white-tipped tail feathers is rusty overall in West Mexico, blackish overall in other areas.
Hooded Siskin
Spinus magellanicus
Strikingly beautiful siskin found in woodland and grassland with scattered trees and usually highly gregarious; also sometimes associates with mixed-species flocks. Males have a black hood, wings, and tail, and are olive-yellow above and bright yellow below with large yellow wing patches. Females are duller and lack the black hood. The song is a long series of fast and squeaky notes; sometimes many males sing together.
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