Peruvian Pipit

A very large barn-owl with a gray facial disk, gray crown, and rufous upperparts and wings with scattered dark markings. Prefers open country, like agricultural land, plantations, and forest edge, from lowlands to mountains. Limited to Sulawesi. Distinguished from smaller Minahassa Masked-Owl by gray face, gray forecrown, more extensive dark markings across wings and upperparts, and preference for open country. Distinguished from Australasian Grass-Owl by feathered legs that do not project beyond the tail in flight, and by less contrasting wing pattern. Call is a long screeching note.

Small, bright hermit with slightly curved bill. Overall a warm buffy to rusty color with a black cheek, a whitish eyebrow, and a pale chin. Tail feathers have obvious white tips. Disjunct populations: occurs in foothill forest on the east slope of the Andes from western Venezuela to northern Peru, in the Tepuis of eastern Venezuela, and in dry forest in southern Ecuador and northwest Peru. Generally found in the understory of forests and edges. Compare with Reddish Hermit, which occurs at lower elevations.

Very large brownish elaenia found only in the tepui region. Note the small, rounded head with only a vaguely crested look, and broken whitish eyering. Brown upperparts contrast with paler olive-gray underparts; also has pale wingbars. Typically found alone or in pairs, perching on the top of small trees and bushes. Occurs in scrub, forest edges, and savanna with small trees. Vocalizations are loud and variable; one common variation is a “SQUEE’ch’ch’ch-cheet-cheet” with both nasal and chattering notes. With a poor view can be surprisingly similar to Black-billed Thrush, but that species lacks wingbars and has a longer bill.