Minute Hermit
Phaethornis idaliae
Tiny hummingbird with a curved bill and a yellow lower bill. Males have a dark green iridescent back, a dark brown throat with a pale belly and vent, and dark undertail feathers. Females have an orange throat and breast with white edges to the tail, and their central tail feathers are longer than the males’. Inhabits the understory of humid forests and coastal forests (restinga), but also found in second growth and plantations. Males gather in leks emitting a barrage of high-pitched notes continuously.
识别特征
The minute hermit is one of the world's smallest birds. It is 8.4 to 9.2 cm (3.3 to 3.6 in) long and weighs 1.8 to 2.7 g (0.06 to 0.10 oz). The male has dark iridescent green upperparts and a dark brown throat. The female's underparts are reddish orange. Both sexes have a black "mask" and a pale supercilium and malar stripe.
分类信息
The minute hermit was for a time considered conspecific with the little hermit (P. longuemareus) and now is treated with it as a superspecies. It is monotypic.
- 学名
- Phaethornis idaliae
- 命名信息
- (Bourcier & Mulsant, 1856)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Phaethornis
分布与栖息地
The minute hermit is found in southeastern Brazil from approximately Bahia south to Rio de Janeiro state. It inhabits the understory of primary or lightly disturbed forest including their edges, and also mature secondary forest and forested islands. It has been recorded in Eucalyptus plantations near its preferred habitat. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 500 m (1,600 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Gray-sided Laughingthrush
Pterorhinus caerulatus
Similar to Buffy and Rusty Laughingthrushes, but much darker and less colorful. Dark rufous above and grayish-white below, with a silver ear patch, bright white throat, and a black patch around the eye. Generally not abundant in Himalayan foothill forests, where it forages in flocks of up to a dozen or so in thick undergrowth. Introduced to Hawaii, where it may be found in shrubby areas, often close to human habitation.
Common Buzzard
Buteo buteo
Commonest large hawk in many areas, often seen soaring. Favors woodland and forest edge, farmland with hedges; locally in towns with larger trees and wooded parks. Also hunts over open country, especially moorland and rough grassland. Mainly seen as singles or pairs, circling over fields and woodlands with wings slightly raised. Rather stocky hawk with broad wings and fairly short, square-tipped tail (rounded when spread). Plumage variable but typically has paler breast band, fine dark tail barring (broad dark tail tip on adult).
Northern Scrub-Robin
Drymodes superciliaris
Long-legged songbird found in rainforests of the Cape York Peninsula. Brown above, pale gray below, with black-and-white patterned wing and long tail, often flicked upward. Dramatic vertical black mark through the eye and cheek is diagnostic. Usually seen low down or on the ground; favors rainforest areas with plenty of leaf litter. Voice includes a variety of clear, thin whistled calls.
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