Ashy Drongo
Dicrurus leucophaeus
A slim, medium-sized drongo with bright red eyes and gray plumage that is almost black in the western parts of its range and quite pale in the eastern parts of its range; eastern birds also often have an oval-shaped pale facial patch. It has a long slim tail with a deep fork. Common in wooded habitats where it sallies for insects and aggressively chases other birds that may compete for food or nectar. Most birds migrate south every winter. Similar to Black Drongo, but slimmer and usually in different habitats. Calls include harsh and sweet notes, and can mimic some bird species poorly.
识别特征
The adult ashy drongo is mainly dark grey, and the tail is long and deeply forked, There are a number of subspecies varying in the shade of the grey plumage. Some subspecies have white markings on the head. Young birds are dull brownish grey.<p>Subspecies longicaudatus of India (which includes beavani of the Himalayas that winters on the peninsula, with one breeding population in central India that Vaurie separates as longicaudatus in the restricted sense) is very dark and almost like the black drongo although this bird is slimmer and has a somewhat longer and less-splayed tail. It is found in more tall forest habitat, has dark grey underside lacking the sheen of black drongo. The iris is crimson and there is no white rictal spot. Subspecies leucogenis and salangensis have a white eye-patch as do several of the island forms that breed further south. The calls are a little more nasal and twangy than that of the black drongo.
分类信息
- 学名
- Dicrurus leucophaeus
- 命名信息
- Vieillot, 1817
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Dicruridae
- 属
- Dicrurus
分布与栖息地
The ashy drongo breeds in the hills of tropical southern Asia from eastern Afghanistan east to southern China, Ryukyu Islands in southern Japan (particularly Okinawa) and Indonesia. Many populations in the northern part of its range are migratory. Charles Vaurie described subspecies beavani (after Robert Cecil Beavan) as the population that breeds along the Himalayas that wintered in peninsular India. However, later workers include this as part of longicaudatus which also has a population that breeds in central India. In winter, the species is particularly fond of hill forests. E. C. Stuart Baker described stevensi which Vaurie considered as being either beavani or hopwoodi of the eastern Himalayas. To the east of the range of hopwoodi is mouhouti of Thailand and Myanmar. To the north of this range are leucogenis and salangensis (both migratory mainly to areas further south but also known from Nagaland) while bondi is found to the south. Along the southeast Asian island chain, there are number of insular populations including periophthalmus, ryukyuensis, batakensis, phaedrus, siberu and nigrescens. The nominate form is said to be found on Simalur, Java, Bali, Lombok, Palawan, and Balabac Islands.
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
The ashy drongo has short legs and sits very upright while perched prominently, often high on a tree. It is insectivorous and forages by making aerial sallies but sometimes gleans from tree trunks. They are found singly, in pairs or small groups. During migration they fly in small flocks.<p>A common call that they make is described as drangh gip or gip-gip-drangh. They can imitate the calls of other birds and are capable of imitating the whistling notes of a common iora.<p>The breeding season is May to June with a clutch of three or four reddish or brown eggs laid in a loose cup nest in a tree.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Band-winged Nightjar
Systellura longirostris
Medium-sized nightjar found in a wide range of open habitats from sea level up to the edge of cloud forest in the Andes (4,400 m). Cryptically patterned in brown and gray like other nightjars. Both sexes have a buffy collar around the neck and whitish or buffy bands across each wing. Also look for the relatively long, squared-off tail. Nocturnal, and therefore most easily detected and identified by voice. Song a high, thin “tseeeeeu.”
Baudo Guan
Penelope ortoni
Medium-sized turkeylike bird restricted to very wet rainforest in lowlands and foothills of western Colombia and northwestern Ecuador. It is dark brown with white streaks on the underparts and a red dewlap. Similar to the more common Crested Guan, but is smaller, browner (lacking chestnut on the belly and tail), and shows little or no crest. Baudo Guan is usually found in small groups high in the trees, and is very sensitive to habitat alteration; it is rarely encountered away from remote, relatively undisturbed areas.
Patagonian Yellow-Finch
Sicalis lebruni
Fairly common to uncommon, but often rather local in Patagonian steppe and grassland, often with nearby stony areas and low banks or bluffs. Found in pairs or flocks, and like other yellow-finches feeds mainly on the ground. Both sexes rather drab, but distinctive in range (no overlap with other species of yellow-finches). Yellow on male strongest on throat; female can appear drab and colorless, with yellow wash on belly often hard to see.
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