Gorgeted Woodstar
Chaetocercus heliodor
Woodstars are tiny hummingbirds that fly like bumblebees. Gorgeted Woodstar is found in the subtropical and temperate zone of the Andes from Venezuela to Ecuador, where it inhabits cloud forest, edges, and second growth. Males are deep emerald-green (more of a bluish tone than other woodstars) with a glittering wine-colored throat and white patches on the sides of the rump. Females are trickier; note the rufous rump and tail with a black band at the base, extremely small size, short tail, and buffy infusion on the throat. On both sexes, bill often appears slightly decurved, more than other woodstars. Sometimes seen singly feeding in the canopy or at lower patches of flowers. Visits feeders.
识别特征
The gorgeted woodstar is 5.8 to 6.4 cm (2.3 to 2.5 in) long. It is the smallest woodstar, a group of species that collectively are among the world's smallest birds. Both sexes have a straight black bill. The nominate male is mostly dark metallic blue-green. It has a pinkish purple gorget that extends across the neck, a grayish line behind the eye, a grayish breast, and white spots on the flanks. The tail is forked, with very short central feathers and outer ones that are bare shafts. The nominate female's upperparts are bronzy green with a rufous rump. Its underparts are cinnamon-rufous and its rounded tail is cinnamon with a black bar near the end. Males of subspecies C. h. cleavesi are darker than the nominate, with a less purplish gorget and a shorter tail.
分类信息
The gorgeted woodstar and several other species in genus Chaetocercus were formerly placed in genus Acestrura but have been in their current position since the late 20th century. It has two subspecies, the nominate C. h. heliodor and C. h. cleavesi.
- 学名
- Chaetocercus heliodor
- 命名信息
- (Bourcier, 1840)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Chaetocercus
分布与栖息地
The nominate subspecies of gorgeted woodstar is found in the Andes from Venezuela's Mérida state south through Colombia into western Ecuador. C. h. cleavesi is found in the Andes of northeastern Ecuador between Sucumbíos and Morona-Santiago provinces. The species inhabits semi-open to open landscapes such as the edges of humid forest, coffee plantations, and areas with some trees and shrubs; it occasionally visits the lower parts of the páramo. In elevation it ranges between 1,200 and 3,000 m (3,900 and 9,800 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The gorgeted woodstar's movements, if any, are not known but seasonal elevational changes are thought likely.<p>The gorgeted woodstar forages for nectar from vegetation's middle strata to the canopy; one important source is the flowers of Inga trees. It does not defend feeding territories, and because of its small size and slow bumblebee-like flight is sometimes able to feed in the territories of other hummingbirds. In addition to feeding on nectar, it captures small insects by hawking from a perch.<p>At least in parts of Colombia, the gorgeted woodstar's breeding season extends from April to October. It builds a cup nest of soft plant material with lichens, leaf pieces, and small twigs on the outside. The nest is attached with spiderweb to a vertical or horizontal branch. No other information is known about its breeding phenology.<p>The gorgeted woodstar makes "a single dry 'chit', doubled 'chichit' or tripled 'chichichit'" calls while hovering or feeding.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Rufous Mourner
Rhytipterna holerythra
Overall rusty-colored, medium-sized flycatcher of humid tropical forest in the lowlands. Favors middle to upper levels inside forest, where sits still for long periods and sallies out for insects and other small critters. Call is a distinctive slow wolf-whistle—“whee-wheeu,” given at infrequent intervals and easily imitated. Note the overall rusty plumage, slender bill, and behavior. Can be confused with slightly larger Rufous Piha, which has a bushier face, paler throat, and a very different voice.
Blue-faced Honeyeater
Entomyzon cyanotis
Large and conspicuous honeyeater with striking patch of bare facial skin: blue in adults, green in juveniles. White underparts and bright olive upperparts. Face black with white streaks on neck and chin. Usually found in noisy groups—often bickering with other bird species. Usually found in open woodlands and gardens. Can be very common in suburban areas.
Moheli Scops-Owl
Otus moheliensis
Small, compact dark owl with small ear tufts. The overall coloration is variable, and can be rufous or dark brown. Found in remnant lowland rainforest, secondary forest, and plantations on the island of Moheli, in the Comoros. The remarkable vocalizations include a raspy bark and a long, low-pitched growling hiss. Sometimes active and vocal during the day, especially the early morning and late afternoon. Easily identified, as the only other owl on Moheli is the much larger Barn Owl.
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