Plumbeous-backed Thrush

A medium-sized wren found in the understory of foothill forest from eastern Panama into Colombia. Appears dark rufous overall with a mostly black head and grayer crown. Look for the messy white markings on the face. Pairs can be found skulking in dense tangles within forest, where they are difficult to see. Listen for the sweet whistled song.

A small brown-and-white woodpecker with scattered pale bars and spots on the upperparts and dark-streaked white underparts. Male possess a red nape patch that is absent in females. Juvenile is drabber, with weaker barring and streaking. Singles or pairs can be found in any areas with trees, frequenting canopy and subcanopy in lowlands and mountains. Often accompanies mixed flocks. The only small woodpecker within its limited range. Barred upperparts also distinctive. Calls include a descending, metallic trill and soft, well-spaced “kip” notes. Also drums.

A medium-sized bird, brownish above and pale buff below, with a bright rufous rump and tail and a distinctive buffy line behind the eye. Found in tall rainforest, where it occurs mainly in the midstory and canopy, but occasionally in the understory. Will follow mixed species flocks at all levels. Feeds on insects and forages actively, often investigating dead leaf clusters and other accumulations of detritus. Song is a short, weak series of squeaking notes that fades away; call is a hard doubled note. Most similar to Rufous-tailed Foliage-gleaner but somewhat larger and more likely to occur at lower levels in the forest; both tail and rump are rufous in Rufous-rumped.