Black-bodied Woodpecker
Dryocopus schulzii
Large woodpecker endemic to the deep thorn forest of the Chaco of western Paraguay, SE Bolivia, and N Argentina. Similar to Lineated Woodpecker, but note all black underparts and pale auriculars on Black-bodied. From Cream-backed Woodpecker by darker bill, black back, and long drum. Calls a rising, nasal “kwee?” note given in a long repetitive series. Drum long, quick, and accelerating, but tends to be shorter than the drum of Lineated.
识别特征
The black-bodied woodpecker is 29 to 30 cm (11 to 12 in) long. Both sexes have a long pointed crest. Adult males have a red forehead and crest. They have gray ear coverts, a very thin and short white stripe behind the eye, a white stripe from the lores to under the ear coverts and continuing down the side of the neck, a red malar stripe with a bit of black at its back end, and a white chin. Adult females have a black malar stripe and a blackish lower forehead but are otherwise the same as males. Adults of both sexes have a black throat and hindneck and are mostly black below the neck. The southern population has black scapulars; those of the northern population have white on the scapulars' outer webs that continues the white neck line. Their flight feathers are black with white bases. The upper side of their tail is black with white feather shafts; the underside is black to brownish black. Their flanks and lower belly often have some faint yellowish barring. Their bill is a long pale ivory-white chisel with a darker culmen and base, their iris deep brown to red-brown, and their legs dark gray. Juveniles are duller and browner than adults and with more barring on the flank.
分类信息
The black-bodied woodpecker's taxonomy is unsettled. The South American Classification Committee (SACC) of the American Ornithological Society, the International Ornithological Committee, and the Clements taxonomy place it in genus Dryocopus. BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) places it in genus Hylatomus. Further, the SACC spells the specific epithet schulzi, rejecting the change from it to schulzii that the other three systems adopted.<p>All four systems agree that the black-bodied woodpecker is monotypic.
- 学名
- Dryocopus schulzii
- 命名信息
- (Cabanis, 1882)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Picidae
- 属
- Dryocopus
分布与栖息地
The black-bodied woodpecker is found from the southern Bolivia departments of Santa Cruz and Tarija south through western and central Paraguay into north-central Argentina as far as Córdoba and San Luis provinces. It inhabits the woodland and savanna of the dry Gran Chaco and the transition zones between them and moister montane forest. In elevation it ranges as high as 1,000 m (3,300 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The black-bodied woodpecker is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The black-bodied woodpecker usually forages singly or in pairs, but also occasionally in small family groups. It pecks, hammers, and probes trunks and main limbs. Its diet has not been described.<p>The black-bodied woodpecker's breeding season spans at least October to December and might extend to March. It excavates a nest hole in a dead tree or utility pole. The clutch size, incubation period, time to fledging, and details of parental care are not known.<p>The black-bodied woodpecker's most common call is "a loud “wic wic wic wic wic”". It also makes a "harsh rattle, “ti-chrr”", and when disturbed near its nest a repeated "descending “kirrrrrr”". It drums in a long roll.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Amazonian Elaenia
Myiopagis cinerea
Small flycatcher of rainforest canopy. Gray male is fairly distinctive with his black wings and bold, white wingbars. Female is clad in shades of yellow and olive and has yellowish wingbars. She is very similar to Forest Elaenia and Yellow-crowned Elaenia, but has paler and cleaner underparts, and usually stays higher up in the trees. Also very similar to Gray-headed Elaenia, but note its more northern range. In areas where their ranges meet, identification may have to be confirmed by voice, though Amazonian Elaenia usually shows a dark (not white or yellow) eye. Typical song is a rapid, descending trill. Pairs are typically seen very high in the forest, and often follow mixed species flocks.
Streak-headed Munia
Mayrimunia tristissima
A small dark brown bird with a heavy blue bill. There is considerable individual and geographic variation, especially in the extent of streaking on the head and spotting on the wing. The pale buff rump is conspicuous in flight. Found in forest clearings, moist grassland, cultivated areas, and forest edges, often in pairs or small flocks. The calls are metallic “veek” and “vik” notes. The song is a fast, high-pitched metallic jumble of notes. Similar to White-spotted Munia but darker overall, especially on the underparts, and lacks large white spots across the back. Darker and more uniform than other munias in its range.
Chinese Shortwing
Brachypteryx sinensis
Shy and skulky ground-dweller of hill forests with dense undergrowth; especially favors damp, dark areas near streams, fallen trunks, and accumulated debris. Male is slate-blue, with paler undertail and lower belly; also note his thin white eyebrow. Female is dark dirt-brown, with paler underparts and a faint rufous eyering. Difficult to see in tangled understory, but can be readily detected through the male’s song, a series of pure, short whistles followed by a quick jumble of notes, which sometimes include a buzz. Calls include a “tchik” and a rattling series.
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