Common Shelduck
Tadorna tadorna
Distinctive, large, rather gooselike duck of coastal wetlands, tidal mudflats, and nearby grassy fields. Striking plumage often looks simply black-and-white; at close range, head is deep glossy green, broad breast band dark rusty. Male has raised knob at base of red bill; juvenile duller overall, with whitish face and eyering. Less numerous and more local inland at lakes and along rivers. Often seen walking and grazing, at times in flocks.
识别特征
The common shelduck resembles a small short-necked goose in size and shape. It is a striking bird, with a reddish-pink bill, pink feet, a white body with chestnut patches and a black belly, and a dark green head and neck. The wing coverts are white, the primary remiges black, and the secondaries green (only showing in flight) and chestnut. The underwings are almost entirely white. Sexes are similar, but the female is smaller, with some white facial markings, while the male is particularly crisply coloured in the breeding season, his bill bright red and bearing a prominent knob at the forehead.<p>Ducklings are white, with black cap, hindneck and wing and back patches. Juveniles are similarly coloured, greyish above and mostly white below, but already have the adult's wing pattern.<p>The call is a loud honk.
分类信息
The common shelduck was formally named by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae under the binomial name Anas tadorna. Linnaeus largely based his description on "The Sheldrake or Burrough-Duck" that had been described and illustrated in 1731 by the English naturalist Eleazar Albin. The specific epithet comes from the French word Tadorne for this species, a name that was used by the French naturalist Pierre Belon in 1555. It may originally derive from Celtic roots meaning "pied waterfowl", essentially the same as the English "shelduck". Linnaeus specified the locality as Europe but restricted this to Sweden in 1761. The common shelduck is now placed in the genus Tadorna that was introduced in 1822 by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.
- 学名
- Tadorna tadorna
- 命名信息
- (Linnaeus, 1758)
- 目
- Anseriformes
- 科
- Anatidae
- 属
- Tadorna
分布与栖息地
This is a bird which breeds in temperate Eurosiberia. Most populations migrate to subtropical areas in winter, but this species is largely resident in westernmost Europe, apart from movements to favoured moulting grounds, such as the Wadden Sea on the north German coast.<p>The common shelduck is common around the coastline of Great Britain and Ireland (where it is known simply as the shelduck), where it frequents salt marshes and estuaries. It frequently nests in rabbit burrows. Sightings of this bird are rare in North America and are reported as infrequent visitors to the U.S. and Canada.
- 繁殖区
- PAL, AF : w Europe to ne China
- 非繁殖区
- n AF, n India and s China
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
Moulting flocks can be very large (100,000 on the Wadden Sea), since most pairs leave their partially grown young in a crèche with just one or two adults.<p>This species is mainly associated with lakes and rivers in open country, breeding in rabbit burrows, tree holes, haystacks or similar. In winter it is common on suitable estuaries and tidal mudflats as well.<p>This bird is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies.<p>The young will dive under water to avoid predators and the adults will fly away from them to act as a decoy.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- rising
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Brown-eared Woodpecker
Pardipicus caroli
Dark, medium-sized woodpecker of humid forest. Mostly dark olive-green, with a large and distinctive glossy-brown ear patch. The underparts are heavily marked with yellowish spots. Males have a small red patch on the back of the head. Birds in most of the range have bronzy tones to the back, while i n the western part of the range the back is more greenish. Found in rainforest, gallery forest, and lush secondary habitat at low and middle elevations. The most distinctive call is a very long whistle that rises then fall. Also gives a plaintive rattling call and a slightly tapering drum. Similar to Buff-spotted Woodpecker, but larger, and with a dark cheek patch.
Baird's Flycatcher
Myiodynastes bairdii
Large, stout-billed flycatcher restricted to arid areas and oases of northwestern Peru and western Ecuador. Distinctive in range, with yellow belly, chestnut wings and tail, and black mask. It does not occur together with the similar Golden-crowned Flycatcher, which is a cloud forest species. Typically sits high up on a tree, pole, wire, or other elevated perch. Sallies out to catch insects, and also regularly eats fruit.
Western Crested Berrypecker
Paramythia olivacea
A medium-sized bird of upper-montane forest and shrubland. Mainly slaty-gray with olive back and yellow lower belly. Note the black face, chest and crest which it can hold up or down. Also note the striking white mark above the eye. Can be found singly, in pairs, or in small flocks, which sometimes join mixed flocks with other birds. Very similar to Eastern Crested Berrypecker, but little or no overlap in range, and separated by shorter white mark behind eye, duller olive-green back, and lack of yellow along the sides. Not very vocal, but does give various scratchy calls and a nasal “wek!”.
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