Black-banded Crake
Rufirallus fasciatus
Dark, orange-and-black, barred crake. Deep red orange, with black wings, and bold black barring on the undersides. Occurs along the base of the Andes and locally in the Amazonian lowlands. Found in dense, wet secondary growth, especially low vegetation on river islands and wet grassy patches. Listen for its long, musical trill; springier than that of other crakes.
识别特征
The black-banded crake is 17 to 20 cm (6.7 to 7.9 in) long. The sexes are alike. Adults have a dark horn or blackish bill. Their head, throat, and breast are rufous. Their back, rump, and wings are deep olive-brown, with a light reddish tinge to the inner flight feathers. Their belly, vent, and undertail coverts are cinnamon-rufous with heavy black bars. Their legs and feet are bright coral red. Immatures have a paler head and breast than adults. Their upperparts' olive-brown has a chestnut wash and the barring on their underparts is olive-brown.
分类信息
The black-banded crake's taxonomy is unsettled. The International Ornithological Committee places it in genus Laterallus. BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World places it in genus Porzana. The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society and the Clements taxonomy place it in genus Anurolimnas.<p>The worldwide taxonomic systems agree that the black-banded crake is monotypic.
- 学名
- Rufirallus fasciatus
- 命名信息
- (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1868)
- 目
- Gruiformes
- 科
- Rallidae
- 属
- Rufirallus
分布与栖息地
The black-banded crake is found in the western Amazon Basin, from southeastern Colombia south through eastern Ecuador to south-central Peru and east into western Brazil. It inhabits humid landscapes with a dense understory such as secondary forest, where it especially favors overgrown agricultural plots in tropical evergreen forest. It also favors thickets of Heliconia and, on river islands, stands of Cecropia. In elevation it is mostly found below 600 m (2,000 ft) but reaches as high as 1,100 m (3,600 ft) locally in Ecuador.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The black-banded crake is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The black-banded crake forages on damp ground in dense cover, where it searches for food in leaf litter. Its diet has not been documented but is assumed to be invertebrates and seeds.<p>Almost nothing is known about the black-banded crake's breeding biology. It vigorously defends territories of up to about 2 ha (5 acres). It makes a dome nest of grass with a side entrance. One was sited on a fallen limb about 2 m (7 ft) above the ground.<p>One author described the black-banded crake's song as "a rubbery, musical trill, deeper and more bubbly than that of [other] Laterallus crakes." The female sings a shorter version of the song than the male.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Yellow-throated Bulbul
Pycnonotus xantholaemus
Plain, pale brownish bulbul. Endemic to very specialized habitat in South India. Only found in hills with dry rocky scrub and boulders, co-occurring locally with the more widespread White-browed Bulbul throughout its range. Although both species have a yellow vent and can sound similar, Yellow-throated can be distinguished by its yellow head that contrasts with its whitish underparts. Usually occurring in pairs, it tends to rove along regular circuits, often perching on exposed rocks and boulders. Voice like White-browed’s, but more melodious and higher in pitch.
California Thrasher
Toxostoma redivivum
Long-tailed with long, slender bill that is sharply downcurved. Drab grayish-brown without any markings. Paler on throat; warmer orangey color on belly. Often hard to see when lurking in dense shrubs. Sings from prominent perches. Song is seemingly endless and complex. Forages primarily on the ground. Range restricted to dense brush and woodland in California and Baja California.
Cape Eagle-Owl
Bubo capensis
Large, dark, powerfully-built owl. Has orange eyes and rufous tones to the plumage, on both the back and the underparts. Found in rugged and rocky terrain, mainly in the mountains, though down to sea level in southern Africa. Uncommon to rare across its range. Call is 2–3 deep hoots. Similar to Spotted Eagle-Owl, but larger, with bright-orange eyes, more rufous in the plumage, and coarser markings below.
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