Masafuera Rayadito
Aphrastura masafuerae
Restricted to largely inaccessible Isla Selkirk (formerly Isla Masafuera) in Juan Fernández Islands, Chile, where it is uncommon and restricted to higher elevations. Favors dense fern forest and is often somewhat skulking, although can be tame and confiding when found. No similar species on the island. Plumage resembles Thorn-tailed Rayadito of mainland Chile, but less brightly patterned with duller pale eyebrow and duskier underparts.
识别特征
The Masafuera rayadito is 14 to 15 cm (5.5 to 5.9 in) long. The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a poorly defined buff-brown supercilium on a dusky face. Their forehead is whitish with narrow rufous streaks and their crown is dark dusky brown. Their back is dull brown and their rump rufous-brown. Their wing coverts are blackish with tawny tips and their flight feathers are blackish with dull rufous bases. Their tail is mostly rufous with blackish bases on all but the central pair of feathers; the ends of the feathers lack barbs, giving a spiny appearance. Their throat is whitish, their breast and belly dull buffy gray-brown with a rufescent tinge, and their flanks and undertail coverts rufescent. Their iris is brown, their maxilla horn-brown or yellowish white with a horn tinge, their mandible yellowish horn, and their legs and feet horn-gray.
分类信息
The Masafuera rayadito is monotypic. It shares genus Aprrastura with the thorn-tailed rayadito (M. spinicauda) of the South American mainland. They are thought to have diverged in the Pleistocene.
- 学名
- Aphrastura masafuerae
- 命名信息
- (Philippi & Landbeck, 1866)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Aphrastura
分布与栖息地
The Masafuera rayadito is found only on Alejandro Selkirk Island in the Juan Fernández Archepeligo, about 670 km (360 nmi; 420 mi) off the coast of Chile. It inhabits thick undergrowth in semi-humid to humid montane scrub and also wooded areas with much Dicksonia externa tree fern. It often occurs along streams, and often in stands of the canelo tree Drimys confertifolia. In elevation it usually occurs between 800 and 1,300 m (2,600 and 4,300 ft) but occasionally goes as low as 400 m (1,300 ft) in the austral winter.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Masafuera rayadito is mostly resident but makes some downslope movement in winter.<p>The Masafuera rayadito's diet is not well known, but is probably mostly arthropods. It almost always forages in pairs, usually in the understorey but sometimes in leaf litter on the ground. It feeds often on ferns, sometimes hanging upside down as it gleans from fronds. It also hunts in moss and lichens on the canelo tree.<p>The Masafuear rayadito's breeding season includes at least December and January. It makes a nest of plant fibers in a natural cavity on a cliff face, and also in nest boxes provided by humans. The clutch size, incubation period, and time to fledging are not known. Both parents provision nestlings.<p>As of September 2023, neither xeno-canto nor the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's Macaulay Library had any recordings of Masafuera rayadito vocalizations. Its call is described as "a low churring 'trrrt' c. 1·2 seconds long, singly or repeated".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
其他鸟类
Gray-headed Albatross
Thalassarche chrysostoma
Rarely found north of cold subantarctic waters; ranges south to pack-ice in summer. Adult has a gray head, thick black underwing margins like much commoner Black-browed Albatross. Immatures look similar to Black-browed overall, but told by black bill that soon develops yellow along top, and often with variable gray hood. Yellow bill edges narrower than the more lightly built Buller’s Albatross, which occurs to the north but is often mistaken for Gray-headed.
Whitehead's Trogon
Harpactes whiteheadi
Breathtaking, thickset trogon found only in Borneo’s north-central mountains. Male is predominantly bright red, whereas the female is mostly tan-orange; both sexes have a broad silverish “apron”, orangish-brown back, dark face, and blue bill and skin around the eyes. Favors damp, well-shaded sections of montane forest, where individuals and pairs sit quietly at mid-levels. Gives a well-spaced series of squeaky hoots.
Rough-legged Tyrannulet
Acrochordopus burmeisteri
Small flycatcher found in forest canopy. Confusingly similar to other tyrannulets, but note especially its stubby (not pointy) bill with a very pale base, which can be quite evident since you are often looking straight up at the bird. Voice is another good clue; it often gives sharp whistles, either alone or in a series. It also tends to be more sluggish, perches more vertically, and stays higher up in the trees than other similar tyrannulets. It has two separate populations, one in the Atlantic Forest region, and another along the east slope of the Andes in Argentina, Bolivia, and perhaps far southern Peru. Northward it is replaced by White-fronted Tyrannulet, which is now considered a separate species. The area of overlap is not well known. Rough-legged Tyrannulet is more uniformly colored, showing little or no gray in the crown.
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