Rufous-margined Antwren
Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus
A small antwren with a relatively long tail and bill. Restricted to southeastern Brazil. Bright plumage for an antwren: look for its yellow belly, rufous wings, bold white wingbars, and dark eyeline. Sexes are similar, but female has a rufous cap, which is black on male. Most often seen in pairs, foraging in the low to middle levels of lowland and foothill forest. Frequently follows mixed-species flocks. Listen for a descending trill, fastest in the middle, with a piping quality.
识别特征
The rufous-margined antwren is 10 to 12.5 cm (3.9 to 4.9 in) long. Adult males have a black crown and nape, a wide whitish supercilium, a black stripe through the eye, and black and white or pale yellow mottled ear coverts. Their upperparts are mostly olive-gray with scattered black patches, yellow uppertail coverts, and white tips on their outer scapulars. Their wing coverts are black with white tips; their flight feathers are olive-brown tinged dark gray with bright cinnamon-rufous edges. Their tail is mostly dark gray with white tips on the feathers and an entirely white outermost pair. Their throat and underparts are light yellow with an olive tinge on the sides. Adult females have a rufous forehead, a rufous-brown crown, and an olive-brown back. Their wings, tail, and underparts are like the male's.
分类信息
- 学名
- Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus
- 命名信息
- (Temminck, 1822)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Herpsilochmus
分布与栖息地
The rufous-margined antwren has a disjunct distribution. A small population is found north of the Rio São Francisco in Brazil's Pernambuco state. The other population is found from Bahia in southeastern Brazil south into Paraguay and northeastern Argentina. It primarily inhabits the interior of humid evergreen Atlantic Forest, less often its edges, and locally in restinga woodlands on white-sand soils. It typically is found from the forest's mid-storey to its subcanopy and favors dense vine tangles. In elevation it ranges from sea level to about 1,100 m (3,600 ft).
- 繁殖区
- SA : e, se Brazil, e Paraguay and ne Argentina
- 非繁殖区
- ENG
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The rufous-margined antwren is thought to be a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The rufous-margined antwren's diet has not been detailed, but is known to be primarily insects and also includes spiders. It has also been seen feeding on Rapanea mistletoe berries. It forages actively and methodically, and usually captures prey by gleaning from leaves, stems, and vines by reaching and sometimes lunging from a perch. It occasionally makes short sallies to glean from the underside of leaves. It is not known to follow army ant swarms.<p>Nothing is known about the rufous-margined antwren's breeding biology.<p>The rufous-margined antwren's song is "3‒4 slow-paced notes which rise in frequency, after which a series of fast notes gradually decelerates and drops again in pitch". Pairs often sing in duet. Its most common call is a "melodious whistled note tew" that may be repeated up to five times in a burst or irregularly over a longer period. It also makes a "short trill of short overslurred notes at flat pitch". The species is vocal year-round, usually singing during the day and from the forest canopy.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Olive Honeyeater
Lichmera argentauris
A nondescript sparrow-sized songbird with a slender, downcurved bill. Entirely olive-green above and uniform pale gray below, but note head pattern, which includes a prominent whitish smudge on the cheeks and dull bare skin below the eye. Juvenile has a pink facial patch. Singles, pairs, or groups inhabit scrubland, wooded areas, and coconut plantations in lowlands. Confined to islets in the Moluccas and to West Papua, where it is readily identified by its head pattern. Harsh, squeaky vocalizations include “tchew” and “grrt” notes and “chi-witchoo” or “witch-oo” phrases.
Olive Bee-eater
Merops superciliosus
Large green bee-eater with a rufous throat patch. Found in almost any open habitat, including savannah, cultivation, scrub, and grassland. Often perches up conspicuously, singly or in small groups. Feeds on insects on the wing, and often seen in flight, sometimes in loose flocks. Incessantly gives a soft rolling “krrrio” call, especially in flight. Similar in shape and size to European and Blue-cheeked Bee-eaters. Has a very different color scheme from European Bee-eater, and a subtly different one from Blue-cheeked: green underparts, bright white stripes on the cheek, and a brownish crown.
Chilean Skua
Stercorarius chilensis
Rather large, dark, stocky gull-like seabird with big white wing patches (seen in flight). In summer often seen flying over Patagonian steppe or associating with Kelp Gulls at beaches, dumps, river mouths, and lakes near the coast. Also found well offshore, where it chases other birds to steal their food. Usually seen as singles or small groups. Plumage variable, but always with some orange tones—sometimes bright and extensive, sometimes limited to underwing and base of tail. The only skua likely to be seen in Chile and southern Argentina.
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