Gray Fantail
Rhipidura albiscapa
Small songbird with long, pale-tipped tail, tiny, thin bill. Gray above, pale below, with narrow pale wingbars and a thin black border between white throat and chest. Frequently cocks and fans tail. Subspecies vary in upperparts tone and extent of white in the tail. Inhabits wide range of habitats, very active in foraging, and rarely perches in the same place for long.
识别特征
This species is mid-to-dark grey or grey-brown above, lighter (often yellowish/orange) below, with a white throat, white markings over the eye, and with (depending on the race) either white-edged or entirely white outer tail feathers. It grows to 16 cm (6.3 in) in length, of which half is the tail, which, as the name implies, is often displayed fanned out. This reveals that the outer tail feathers are light and the centre ones are dark. Some races, such as keasti, have a darker plumage.<p>This species is easily seen while walking in eucalypt forest, rainforest, mangroves, heath, and wooded habitat. During waking hours, they are almost never still. They flit from perch to perch, sometimes on the ground but mostly on the twigs of a tree or any other convenient object, looking out for flying insects. They are able to catch flying insects using intricate acrobatic chases. The birds are not shy, and will often flit within a few metres of people, especially in forested areas and suburban gardens. In doing so, it is able to catch any small flying insects that may have been disturbed by human activities such as walking or digging. The bird's call is an almost metallic cheek, either as a single sound or (more often) repeated as a chattering.
分类信息
The populations of Australian fantails are complex and they were all formerly considered conspecific due to their being closely related based on their song, habitat, tail coloration, and clutch size. A recent study shows that R.fuliginosa in New Zealand and Australian R.albiscapa were sister taxa and another fantail species, named R.phasiana in the north coast of Australia, was sister to these two fantail species. Besides, within this subgroup R. albiscapa from Vanuatu and Australia were paraphyletic. Hence, R. albiscapa was found to be polyphyletic.<p>Numerous birds of southern Australia are characterised by a known biogeographical barrier, the Nullarbor Plain, displaying morphological divergence of subspecies differentiation. Because of the east-west division due to the geographic barrier effect on their morphological divergence, the populations of R. albiscapa could be classified into five subspecies by their characteristics, such as their calls, patterns of plumage, and nest construction.<p>Five subpopulations of R. albiscapa are shown below:<p>Rhipidura albiscapa keasti (eastern Australia)<p>Rhipidura albiscapa albicauda (Inland western Australia)<p>Rhipidura albiscapa preissi (South western Australia)<p>Rhipidura albiscapa alisteri (eastern Australia)<p>Rhipidura albiscapa albiscapa (Tasmania)
- 学名
- Rhipidura albiscapa
- 命名信息
- Gould, 1840
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Rhipiduridae
- 属
- Rhipidura
分布与栖息地
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Red-collared Myzomela
Myzomela rosenbergii
A small honeyeater of montane forest. Male unmistakeable with a black hood, belly, wings and tail, and a bright red breast, back, rump and collar. Female mainly brown (olive green in some areas), with a black throat, and reduced red on the chest and rump. The only myzomela at high elevations, but co-occurs with other species at middle elevations. Males are distinctive, this is the only female myzomela with a red chest and rump. An energetic and variable song, including up-and-down “tweepy-tweepy-tweepy” phrases with slightly electronic-sounding notes.
Tennessee Warbler
Leiothlypis peregrina
Tiny, greenish warbler that breeds in boreal forest. Breeding males have lime-green back, pale blue-gray head, and dingy whitish underparts. Females and immatures generally show more yellow overall, but still dull. Note thin dark line through the eye, paler eyebrow, and whitish undertail coverts. Most similar to Orange-crowned Warbler. Look for cleaner, unstreaked breast and white (not yellow) undertail coverts. Loud song for such a small bird; usually three-parted series of accelerating chips. Often found around flowering trees during migration. Winters in Central and South America.
Silver-rumped Spinetail
Rhaphidura leucopygialis
Small, bullet-shaped swift with rather broad-based wings. Dark (glossy blue in optimal light) with extensive silvery rump patch. Named for thin protrusions from the tail, only sometimes visible at close range. Forages aerially over forest and edge habitat, often near water, sometimes in large numbers and among other swift species. Gives a rapid-fire, chattering trill.
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