Black-headed Antbird
Percnostola rufifrons
Medium-sized, stocky bird of forest understory. Shows substantial geographic variation in plumage, but males are always black and dark gray, females rufous and gray-brown. Both sexes show thin wingbars: white in males, rufous-buff in females. Eastern populations (Guianas and NE Brazil) have striking red eyes; those of more western subspecies are gray. Found in tall rainforest and in lower-stature forests on sandy soils, usually in pairs or small groups that often follow army ants but are just as likely to be seen away from them, searching deliberately for insects in low vegetation. Not especially shy but often assesses observers warily from dense cover, pumping tail and giving low churring calls similar to other antbirds. Song is a series of clear, whistled notes on one pitch, with some geographic variation in pace; most common call is a sharp bark, similar to call of Black-faced Antthrush. In dim forest light, male may be confused with Spot-winged Antbird; Black-headed is best distinguished by wing bars (not spots), stockier profile, and vocalizations.
分类信息
The black-headed antbird was formally described in 1789 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae. He placed it with the thrushes in the genus Turdus and coined the binomial name Turdus rufifrons. The specific epithet rufifrons combines the Latin rufus meaning "red" or "rufous" with frons meaning "forehead" or "front". Gmelin based his description on "Le merle roux de Cayenne" that had been described and illustrated in 1775 by the French polymath, the Comte de Buffon in his book Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux. The black-headed antbird is now placed together with the Allpahuayo antbird in the genus Percnostola that was introduced in 1860 by Jean Cabanis and Ferdinand Heine.<p>Four subspecies are recognised:
- 学名
- Percnostola rufifrons
- 命名信息
- (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Percnostola
分布与栖息地
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Speckled Tinkerbird
Pogoniulus scolopaceus
A distinctive, large-billed tinkerbird of forest and forest edge, yellow-green below and olive-green above with streaked underparts and scalloped upperparts. Unique among co-occurring tinkerbirds for its lack of bold facial markings. Voice is a fast, almost froglike “popopopopopopo,” as well as occasional hollow calls reminiscent of other tinkerbirds. Also gives short, raspy nasal calls.
Spectacled Spiderhunter
Arachnothera flavigaster
Large spiderhunter with thick yellow eyerings, a yellow ear tuft, and a long decurved bill. Yellow eyering and cheek splotch serve to distinguish it from most other spiderhunters. Yellow-eared Spiderhunter is very similar but noticeably smaller, with a narrower eyering, faint streaking on the breast (versus plain), and a slightly longer, more slender bill. Found in lowland and foothill forests, where it forages actively in the upper levels. Calls include harsh chip notes.
Pygmy Tit
Aegithalos exilis
Absolutely tiny round gray bird, comparable in size to a flowerpecker or small sunbird. Fairly plain overall, but note pale eyes, whitish underparts, and stout dark bill. Very active, flitting about quickly in the upper and middle levels of forest, usually in small groups. Gives sharp chips and dry, rattling trills.
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