Sapphire Quail-Dove
Geotrygon saphirina
Stunning dove found in humid rainforest in lowlands and foothills. Notable features include a chestnut back, pale belly, golden neck patches, and a striking head pattern. Might be confused with the duller Violaceous Quail-Dove in dark forest, where color is not easy to discern; note the bold face pattern on Sapphire Quail-Dove. Usually encountered alone, quietly walking along the forest floor. May ascend to a low perch when flushed or when it sings—a soft, stuttered whistle repeated every few seconds.
识别特征
The sapphire quail-dove is 22 to 26 cm (8.7 to 10.2 in) long and weighs 139 to 199 g (4.9 to 7.0 oz). The male of the nominate subspecies has a white forehead, throat, and small patch below the eye. It has a conspicuous, long, purple-black malar stripe. Its dark bluish gray crown becomes bronzy green on the nape; below that is an iridescent patch of green, gold, and purplish pink. The back and wing coverts are purple-brown and the rump iridescent greenish or purplish blue. The central tail feathers are slaty black and the outer ones are blackish with blue-gray tips. The closed wing shows an elongated white spot. The breast is pale gray fading to white on the belly and adjoined by buff flanks. Its eyes are pale yellow to dark brown. The adult female has the same plumage pattern but is less brilliant. Juveniles are dark reddish brown above, a duskier gray below, and their facial markings are less intense. G. s. rothschildi is essentially the same as the nominate but for darker eyes.
分类信息
At one time the sapphire quail-dove included what is now the purple quail-dove as a subspecies; the larger species was then named Osculatia saphirina. Since the early 2010s the purple quail-dove has been treated as a separate species. The sapphire quail-dove now has two subspecies, the nominate G. s. saphirina and G. s. rothschildi.
- 学名
- Geotrygon saphirina
- 命名信息
- Bonaparte, 1855
- 目
- Columbiformes
- 科
- Columbidae
- 属
- Geotrygon
分布与栖息地
The nominate subspecies of sapphire quail-dove is found across far southern Colombia south through eastern Ecuador to southeastern Peru and east into extreme western Amazonian Brazil. G. s. rothschildi is found only in the area around Cadena in southeastern Peru's Marcapata District. The species inhabits the ground and undergrowth of primary and older secondary evergreen montane forest, often near streams. In Peru it ranges up 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in elevation and up to 1,350 m (4,430 ft) in Ecuador.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The sapphire quail-dove forages on the ground, singly or in pairs. Its diet has not been documented but it probably eats seeds and small invertebrates like other quail-doves.<p>The sapphire quail-dove's breeding season differs across its range, base on the dates that nests with eggs, nestlings, adults in breeding condition, and nesting behavior have been recorded. Nests are platforms made of sticks or twigs and the clutch size appears to be one or two.<p>The sapphire quail-dove's song is "a two-note monotonous 'hu..huuuuu' or 'ca..whooooo'." It sings from a low hidden perch or on the ground at any time of day.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
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Loxops coccineus
A small, rare Hawaiian honeycreeper of native forests above 5,000 feet elevation on Hawaii Island. Brilliant orange color of males is unique. The longer tail with a notched tip distinguishes females from other small honeycreepers. Usually stays high in the forest canopy. Nests in cavities of large, hollow trees. The crossed bill that it uses to pry open leaf buds in search of insects and larvae is difficult to see. Song is a wavering trill that changes in pitch and speeds up and slows down. Call is a soft “tiddle-ee.”
Barrow's Goldeneye
Bucephala islandica
Striking diving duck of coastal harbors, mountain lakes, and large rivers. Very similar to Common Goldeneye. Males are easiest: Barrow’s has more black on the back, a downward-pointing spur on the side, and a crescent-shaped (not circular) white patch on the face. Females can be very difficult. Barrow’s usually has a yellow bill, but Common can rarely show a dull yellowish bill. Head and bill shape are important: Barrow’s has a steeper forehead and a puffy nape, and a shorter bill with a more rounded lower edge. Fairly common in western U.S. and Canada; much less common in the northeast. Small population in Iceland. Frequently found in mixed flocks with Common Goldeneye.
Helmeted Woodpecker
Celeus galeatus
Fairly large woodpecker. A usually rare inhabitant of extensive humid forests. Note cinnamon face, red head with a prominent crest, and white stripes on the side of the neck. Solid black back and wings, and heavily barred below with a pale rump. Males have a red moustache. A mimic of the much larger Robust Woodpecker.
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