Lewis's Woodpecker
Melanerpes lewis
A large, social woodpecker with a unique color pattern. Dark glossy-green above with a gray collar, dark red face, and pink wash on the belly. Sexes alike; juveniles are duller and browner than adults. Looks all dark at a distance, with a crowlike flight style. Found in open woodlands, sometimes close to human settlements. Often uses telephone poles to stash acorns; also sallies out from a conspicuous perch to catch insects.
识别特征
One of the largest species of American woodpeckers, Lewis's woodpecker can measure up to 10–11 inches (25–28 cm) in length. It is mainly reddish-breasted, blackish-green in color with a black rump. It has a gray collar and upper breast, with a pinkish belly, and a red face. The wings are much broader than those of other woodpeckers, and it flies at a much more sluggish pace with slow, but even flaps similar to those of a crow. Its calls have a harsh sound relative to other woodpeckers', and it may use a repertoire of several different phrases. They are one of the three largest Melanerpes woodpeckers, being similar in size to the white woodpecker and the Jamaican woodpecker.<p>Measurements:
分类信息
Lewis's woodpecker was described and illustrated in 1811 by the American ornithologist Alexander Wilson in his American Ornithology; or, the Natural History of the Birds of the United States. Wilson based his description on some bird skins that had been collected on an expedition across the western portion of the United States led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark in 1803–1806. Wilson coined the English name "Lewis's woodpecker" and the binomial name Picus torquatus. Unfortunately, the specific epithet was preoccupied by the ringed woodpecker, Celeus torquatus (Boddaert, 1783) and so in 1849 the English zoologist George Robert Gray coined a new name Picus lewis. The type locality is Montana. Lewis's woodpecker is now placed in the genus Melanerpes that was erected by the English ornithologist William John Swainson in 1832. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.
- 学名
- Melanerpes lewis
- 命名信息
- (Gray, GR, 1849)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Picidae
- 属
- Melanerpes
分布与栖息地
Lewis's woodpecker is locally common, dwelling mostly in open pine woodlands, and other areas with scattered trees and snags. Unlike other American woodpeckers, it enjoys sitting in the open as opposed to sitting in heavy tree cover. It ranges mostly in the western to central United States, but can winter as far south as the US border with Mexico and summer as far north as Canada. It has been seen in five Midwestern states: South Dakota, Michigan, Illinois, Minnesota, and Wisconsin.
- 繁殖区
- NA : sw Canada to sw USA
- 非繁殖区
- to n Mexico
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Grayish Baywing
Agelaioides badius
A medium-sized blackbird with a short bill. Both sexes are similar; mostly olive-brown with rusty wings. Inhabits open woodlands, savanna, and scrubby areas, but also found in farmlands, plantations, and urban parks where is often seen in small groups. Uncommon in the Atlantic Forest region. The song includes melodical whistles with short buzzy notes; song varies among individuals.
Short-tailed Pygmy-Tyrant
Myiornis ecaudatus
Tiny stump-tailed flycatcher; one of the smallest birds on earth. Minute size and compact body give it a unique appearance, in some ways looking more like a bumblebee than a bird. Whitish underparts with green back, gray head, and white spectacles. Found in mature and secondary rainforest, especially in areas with tall trees. Usually perches in the rainforest midstory and can be tricky to spot. Its song is a soft pair of short trilled notes “trrr-trrr,” sounding rather insectlike.
Chestnut-tailed Starling
Sturnia malabarica
Pale-headed starling with dark-tipped wings and an orangish belly and rump. Bill is distinctively colorful: blue with a yellow tip. Inhabits open forests and forest edge, as well as agricultural areas and village outskirts. Like other starlings, social and raucous, often flocking together while noisily churring and whistling. Frequently perches up on exposed perches such as snags and utility lines, but also forages extensively on the ground. Native to southern Asia; introduced to Taiwan.
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