Wire-crested Thorntail
Discosura popelairii
Small, compact hummingbird found on the east slope of Andes from central Colombia to central Peru. Male is unmistakable; look for long pointed tail, wirelike crest, short straight bill, and white band across the rump. Female is less spectacular, but still has the obvious white rump band and a white mustache patch. Occurs in the foothills from around 600 to 1,600 m, generally at higher elevations than the very similar Black-bellied Thorntail. Visits feeders, but also can be seen at flowering shrubs (especially purple Verbena) and trees.
识别特征
The wire-crested thorntail is one of the smallest birds on Earth, with a mature weight of about 2.5 g (0.088 oz). Males are about 11.4 cm (4.5 in) long, including tail extension, and females about 7.5 to 8.2 cm (3.0 to 3.2 in). Adults of both sexes have coppery green upperparts with a white band across the rump. Males have a glittering green crown with a thin hair-like crest. Its gorget is iridescent green, the flanks brownish with a white patch, and the rest of the underparts black. The tail is steely blue with white feather shafts, deeply forked, and the outer feathers are very narrow which with the crest give the species its common name. The female does not have the crest. It has a broad white streak on the cheek. Its underparts are black with a white patch on the flank. Its tail is short, only slightly forked, and bluish black with white tips. Juveniles are similar to the adult female.
分类信息
The wire-crested thorntail and three other species were at one time placed in genus Popelairia but since the late 1900s that genus has been merged into the present Discosura. Some authors have further merged Discosura into Lophornis but this treatment has not been widely accepted. The species is monotypic.
- 学名
- Discosura popelairii
- 命名信息
- (Du Bus de Gisignies, 1846)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Discosura
分布与栖息地
The wire-crested thorntail is found in the Andean foothills from eastern Colombia's Meta Department through eastern Ecuador into eastern Peru as far south as the Department of Puno. In addition, there is at least one sight record in Bolivia. It inhabits the edges and interior of humid forest at elevations between 500 and 1,500 m (1,600 and 4,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The wire-crested thorntail is believed to be sedentary.<p>The wire-crested thorntail feeds on nectar, primarily in the forest canopy, and favoring the flowers of Inga trees. It also eats small arthropods.<p>Almost nothing is known about the wire-crested thorntail's breeding phenology. The one nest discovered was on a branch 8 m (26 ft) above the ground.<p>The only wire-crested thorntail vocalization that has been described is a "quiet, somewhat liquid 'tew'."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Nanday Parakeet
Aratinga nenday
Medium-sized, mostly green parakeet with a black hood, red thighs, and blue in the wings and tail. Native to central South America, where it is found in open woodlands and grasslands with scattered trees. Introduced populations in the Americas and Europe often found around neighborhood parks and gardens. Call is a typical parrot shriek and is rather high-pitched.
Gray-hooded Flycatcher
Mionectes rufiventris
Small flycatcher that is largely olive above and cinnamon below with a gray head. The bill is two-toned with a pale base. Found in the understory of humid forests, second growth, and forests edges. Males may display in groups giving a low nasal “bayo” song.
Black Inca
Coeligena prunellei
Large hummingbird with a long straight bill. Dark blackish-brown overall with a prominent white patch on the side of the neck. Iridescent blue shoulder can be difficult to see in poor light. Very small range in the mountains of central Colombia, from around 1,200 to 2,800 m. Occurs in forests and edges; visits feeders. Sexes similar.
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