Nanday Parakeet
Aratinga nenday
Medium-sized, mostly green parakeet with a black hood, red thighs, and blue in the wings and tail. Native to central South America, where it is found in open woodlands and grasslands with scattered trees. Introduced populations in the Americas and Europe often found around neighborhood parks and gardens. Call is a typical parrot shriek and is rather high-pitched.
识别特征
The nanday parakeet is 27–30 cm (11–12 in) long, weighs 140 g (4.9 oz), and is mostly green in color. Its most distinguishing characteristic, for which it is named, is its black facial mask and beak. It also shows black, trailing flight feathers on its wings and has a long tail edged at the end in blue. The upper chest is bluish-green and the lower chest is a paler green. Feathers covering the thighs are red.
分类信息
The nanday parakeet was previously regarded as a member of the monotypic genus Nandayus Bonaparte, 1854 one of the rough 16 genera of Neotropical parrots of tribe Arini which includes the conures and macaws. However, phylogenetic evidence showed that it is positioned in one of the four groups in the genus Aratinga. When the genus Aratinga was revised and split in four separate genera, this species was included in the current genus Aratinga. This revision was based on earlier studies. According to a mtDNA-based phylogenetic analysis of the genus Aratinga by Ribas & Miyaki (2004), the nanday conure forms a monophyletic group with the sun conure (A. solstitialis), jenday conure (A. jandaya), and golden-capped conure (A. auricapilla). Tavares et al. (2005) in a mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analysis of 29 species representing 25 of 30 genera of Neotropical parrots found the nanday conure's closest relative to be Aratinga solstitialis, the sun conure, and the time of divergence of the species to have been 0.5 to 1.3 Mya.<p>Hybrids of the nanday and sun conures, nanday and jenday conures, and nanday and blue-crowned conures are known.<p>A prehistoric relative, Aratinga vorohuensis, was described from Late Pliocene fossils found in Argentina.
- 学名
- Aratinga nenday
- 命名信息
- (Vieillot, 1823)
- 目
- Psittaciformes
- 科
- Psittacidae
- 属
- Aratinga
分布与栖息地
The species is native to South America from southeast Bolivia to southwest Brazil, central Paraguay, and northern Argentina, from the region known as the Pantanal. Caged birds have been released in some areas, and the birds have established self-sustaining populations in Tenerife, Los Angeles, California, San Antonio, Texas, and several areas of Florida (including Pasco, Sarasota, Pinellas, Manatee, Broward, Palm Beach and Miami-Dade Counties) in the United States.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The bird feeds on seeds, fruit, palm nuts, berries, flowers, and buds. Feral birds also come to bird feeders. Wild birds primarily use scrub forest and forest clearings around settlements. They frequent open savannah, pastures, and stockyards in South America, where they are considered as pests in some areas.<p>Nanday parakeets usually find holes in trees to nest. Females lay three or four eggs. After raising their young, all birds form rather large communal roosts until the next breeding season.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- rising
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Sora
Porzana carolina
Fairly small rail; short yellow bill, black face, and gray neck distinctive. Found in marshes with grasses or reeds; generally shy but often seen foraging at the edge of shallow water. Buffy juvenile often mistaken for much more secretive Yellow Rail; note different back pattern and the fact that if you see the bird well enough to actually note the back pattern, it is probably not a Yellow Rail. Common call is a descending high-pitched whinny; also gives a whistled "per-WEE" call somewhat like spring peeper but clearer and consistently two parted.
Barratt's Warbler
Bradypterus barratti
A skulky, dull brown warbler with a long and graduated tail, a pale grayish eyebrow, and a throat that is lightly streaked. It creeps around mouse-like in thick undergrowth and tangles in forest and forest edge. It is also found in isolated pockets of scrub, often adjacent to streams, and is frequently detected and identified by its song, mostly delivered between September and December: 2-3 sweet “tsiit” notes followed by a loud trill of 15-20 harsh “tchui” notes. It also has a strident chipping alarm call “tddd-ddr-ddr-ddr-ddr-tt.” The similar Knysna Warbler differs from Barratt’s Warbler by its shorter tail, darker underparts, less pronounced throat streaking, and different song.
Principe Golden-Weaver
Ploceus princeps
The only weaver on Príncipe, where it is endemic. Typically yellowish with an olive back: male has a golden-orange wash to the head, while female has a plainer face and a white belly. Juvenile is like the female, but duller. Found in pairs and small groups; abundant in almost all habitats on the island. Song is an accelerated fizzling concluding with a wheeze: “pssht-pssht-pshhtt-dzrrt-dzrrt-dzt-dzt-dzr-dzr-dzr-dzr-dzr.”
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