Ash-winged Antwren
Euchrepomis spodioptila
Tiny bird of rainforest canopy. Key field marks are white wing bars, clear pale gray underparts, thin black line through eye, and (especially) contrasting rufous back. Occurs in tall rainforest, where it follows canopy mixed-species flocks and is almost never found away from them. Feeds actively on insects, gleaning from foliage and often hanging upside-down, thereby offering a dorsal view that should facilitate identification. Song, which carries surprisingly far, is a thin, staccato trill, fast and accelerating. Smaller and more active than most other species in canopy flocks; habit of hanging upside-down recalls a greenlet, but face pattern, wing bars and contrasting back color are distinctive.
识别特征
The ash-winged antwren is 9.5 to 11 cm (3.7 to 4.3 in) long and weighs about 6.5 to 7.5 g (0.23 to 0.26 oz). The sexes have different plumage. Adult males of the nominate subspecies have a whitish supercilium and a thin dark line through the eye on an otherwise gray face. Their crown and nape are black, their back, rump, and uppertail coverts rufous-chestnut, and their tail gray-brown. Their wing coverts are black with white tips that form two bars on the closed wing and their flight feathers black with pale gray edges. Their entire underparts are pale gray that is lightest on the throat and belly. Adult females have a yellowish brown crown, nape, and upper back; their supercilium, throat, breast, and flanks have a buffy-brown tinge. Subadults of both sexes have olive-green edges on their flight feathers. Subspecies E. s. signata males have chestnut lesser wing coverts. Subspecies E. s. meridionalis has olive edges on its flight feathers and a greenish yellow tinge on the tips of the wing coverts and the belly.
分类信息
The ash-winged antwren was described and illustrated by the English ornithologists Philip Sclater and Osbert Salvin in 1881 and given the binomial name Terenura spodioptila. There it remained until the current genus Euchrepomis was created in 2012 following phylogenetic analysis.<p>The ash-winged antwren has three subspecies, the nominate E. s. spodioptila (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1881), E. s. signata (Zimmer, JT, 1932), and E. s. meridionalis (Snethlage, E, 1925).
- 学名
- Euchrepomis spodioptila
- 命名信息
- (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1881)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Euchrepomis
分布与栖息地
The ash-winged antwren has a disjunct distribution. Its subspecies are found thus:<p>The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society has no documented records from Peru and so treats the ash-winged antwren as hypothetical in that country.<p>The ash-winged antwren inhabits lowland evergreen forest, primarily terra firme. It almost exclusively stays in the forest subcanopy and canopy. In elevation it mostly occurs below 600 m (2,000 ft) but is found as high as 1,100 m (3,600 ft) in the tepuis of Venezuela and Brazil.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Crested Guan
Penelope purpurascens
Very large, long-tailed game bird of tropical and subtropical forest. Often seen high in trees or flying through the forest canopy; usually not seen in areas near people except in some protected areas due to hunting pressure. Typically in pairs or small groups and wary. Plumage dark overall (often looks blackish) with bright red throat wattle; white streaking on body visible at closer range. Crest is bushy and usually not a striking feature.
Gray-breasted Mountain-Toucan
Andigena hypoglauca
Stunning, ornately-colored toucan of high Andean cloud forest. While the general plumage pattern is similar to other mountain-toucans, the multicolored coral, black, and yellow-striped bill separates it from all others. Eye is yellow in most of Peru, dark elsewhere in its range. Typically encountered in pairs or small groups that forage in the forest canopy. Often noisy, giving long, rising screams or short, excited yaps.
Collared/Marañon Antshrike
Thamnophilus bernardi/shumbae
Stout-billed antshrike found in arid areas of western Ecuador and northwestern Peru. Male is brown and white with a black head, throat, and breast; tail is black with a white tip. Female is brown and buff with a black face speckled with white. Both sexes have a bushy crest and bold wing markings. Birds in the Marañon drainage look a bit different; males have paler faces and less black on the underparts; females have whiter underparts. Inhabits deserts, dry scrub, and deciduous forest understory. Song is a very fast, nasal trill that ends on a longer, higher note.
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