Buffy Helmetcrest
Oxypogon stuebelii
Large, short-billed hummingbird found only at extremely high elevations in Colombia’s central Andes. Adult male’s green and blue beard, black and buff head pattern, and shaggy crest make him easily recognizable within his tiny world range. Female and younger males lack the crest and beard and have more subdued coloration, but they are still recognizable from their large size and relatively tiny bill. Often seen feeding from or perching on Espeletia plants. Espeletia, also known as Frailejón, is native to high Andean grasslands; it is characterized by its short, trunk-like stem, large, elongated leaves, and small, yellow flowers.
识别特征
The buffy helmetcrest is 11.2 to 12.7 cm (4.4 to 5.0 in) long. It has a short straight black bill. The male has a long buffy and black crest and a mostly black face with a buffy-white "collar". Its upperparts are bronzy green. It has a thin glittering green and blue gorget that forms a "beard". The rest of the underparts are grayish bronzy that blends to cinnamon-buff on the undertail coverts. The tail is moderately long and forked. Its upper side is coppery to bronzy green with the outer feathers showing a wide white stripe; the underside is rufous with some pale cinnamon. The adult female is similar to the male but lacks the crest and beard, and its underparts are rufous buff to brownish with greenish flecks. Juveniles resemble the adult female; the male has a partial crest and beard.
分类信息
The buffy helmetcrest was formerly considered to be a subspecies of what was known as the bearded helmetcrest (Oxypogon guerinii). The buffy helmetcrest was promoted to species status when the bearded helmetcrest was split into four species based on a study of biometric and plumage data published in 2013. The nominate subspecies was renamed the Green-bearded helmetcrest. The buffy helmetcrest is monotypic.
- 学名
- Oxypogon stuebelii
- 命名信息
- Meyer, AB, 1884
- 目
- Caprimulgiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Oxypogon
分布与栖息地
The buffy helmetcrest is found only on Nevado del Ruiz, an active volcano in the Colombian Central Andes on the border of Tolima and Caldas departments and the surrounding area. It inhabits humid open páramo where it favors Espeletia plants.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The buffy helmetcrest is thought to be sedentary, but might move to lower elevations in the dry season like its congener the white-bearded helmetcrest (O. lindenii).<p>The buffy helmetcrest feeds on nectar; it especially favors Espeletia schultzii. It drinks nectar by clinging to flowers rather than hovering. It also feeds on insects and their larvae. It catches insects on the ground or by jumping or hawking from the ground or a perch. It also picks larvae from vegetation.<p>Nothing has been documented of the buffy helmetcrest's breeding phenology.<p>The buffy helmetcrest's song is "a repeated, high-pitched, single note 'tsee'...[repeated] every 3–5 seconds)." During the wet season, males sing for minutes on end from a perch.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Angola Slaty-Flycatcher
Melaenornis brunneus
A brown flycatcher that is endemic to the Angolan highlands. Dark on the upperparts and breast and white on the belly. Found in montane habitats including woodland, forest, and forest edge. Found in the same habitats as African Dusky Flycatcher, but larger, and easily separated by the solidly brown breast. Similar in size and coloration to Pale Flycatcher, but separated by the brown breast and white belly. The calls are high-pitched “seet” notes.
Mountain Chiffchaff
Phylloscopus sindianus
Very similar to Common Chiffchaff, but distinctly darker brown, and lacks any green or yellow tones including uppertail coverts and fringes to wing feathers. Note the brownish wash to underparts, especially the flanks, the rather contrasting whitish throat, and white eyebrow. Bill and legs distinctly black. Short primary projection. Breeds in forested mountains, valleys, and foothills, including low-stature mixed forest; winters in lower elevation scrub, including acacia and tamarisks. Call similar to Siberian Chiffchaff: a high-pitched, slightly downslurred "Piiu." Song similar to Common Chiffchaff but faster and less “organized.”
Reichenow's Seedeater
Crithagra reichenowi
A gray-brown seedeater with a complex brown-and-white facial pattern and a yellow rump that is conspicuous in flight. Found in savanna, woodland, and cultivated areas, usually in small flocks. Similar to Yellow-rumped Serin, but has a stronger facial pattern and usually more streaking below. Separated from White-rumped Seedeater by the yellow rump and the more strongly patterned face. Also similar to Yellow-throated and Salvadori’s Serins, but separated by the white rather than yellow throat. The song is a constant stream of musical whistles and trills.
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