Yellow-shouldered Grosbeak
Parkerthraustes humeralis
Distinctive large-billed tanager. Gray below, yellow-green above, with a gray head, black mask, thick bill, and red eye. Appears big-headed. From underneath, looks mostly gray, though its upperparts are quite brightly colored. Forages in the canopy of tall mature and secondary forest, particularly in upland areas. Often joins mixed-species flocks with tanagers. Calls include high “seet” notes and a high, bi-syllabic “tsi-lit”; its song is a series of high whistled notes interspersed with electric buzzes.
分类信息
The yellow-shouldered grosbeak was formally described in 1867 by the American amateur ornithologist George Newbold Lawrence. He coined the Latin name Pytilus (Caryothrautes) humeralis. Following information from molecular genetics the species was moved from genus Caryothrautes to its own genus Parkerthraustes in 1997 by James Van Remsen Jr., to honour the late ornithologist Theodore A. Parker III. The specific epithet humeralis is Late Latin, meaning "of the shoulders".<p>The yellow-shouldered grosbeak was traditionally considered a member of the cardinal family Cardinalidae. It was moved to the tanager family based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2007. It is placed in the subfamily Orchesticinae with the brown tanager in its own genus Orchesticus. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.
- 学名
- Parkerthraustes humeralis
- 命名信息
- (Lawrence, 1867)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thraupidae
- 属
- Parkerthraustes
分布与栖息地
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Red-crested Cotinga
Ampelion rubrocristatus
This plump gray bird is a regular sight atop patches of trees from the temperate forest zone to above treeline in the Andes from Venezuela to Bolivia. The plumage is unremarkable at first glance: both sexes are medium gray with a darker face, blackish wings, and a white band on the tail (visible in flight). The namesake red crest is usually laid flat down the nape, but is occasionally raised into a spectacular splayed bouquet of feathers. Singles or pairs are usually seen perched conspicuously. Found in forested areas, but does not require high-quality intact forest, and can be found in surprisingly small patches of bushes and trees in agricultural areas.
Cape Griffon
Gyps coprotheres
Overall the Cape Griffon is creamy-white, much paler and larger than the White-backed Vulture. At close range, the adult’s eyes are honey-colored, and there is a speckled stripe along the middle of the wing. They nest in small to large colonies in hills and mountains but will fly hundreds of kilometers to forage. The similar White-backed Vulture is smaller and darker with a wing that is more contrasting between flight feathers and the remainder of the underwing; at close range its dark eyes are visible.
Olive-backed Forest Robin
Stiphrornis pyrrholaemus
Localized species found only in lowland rainforest south of the River Ogooué in Gabon, and possibly also in adjacent Congo. A short-tailed understory robin with a bright orange throat. Also shows a dark-green back, mostly gray face, pale-yellow belly, and a white spot in front of the eye. Vocalizations seem to differ from other forest robins, though more study is needed. One vocalization is a chirp note, followed by a series of modulated notes. Another is a series of phrases, which are continually repeated. May occur alongside very similar Orange-breasted Forest Robin, but distinguished by the green rather than brownish back, and the yellowish rather than whitish belly. Can also be confused with Lowland Akalat, but always distinguished by the white spot in front of the eye, as well as the dark-green rather than rufous-brown back, and the yellowish rather than white belly.
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