Oriole Blackbird
Gymnomystax mexicanus
Beautiful and unmistakable: larger than most orioles, predominantly golden-yellow with black back, wings, and tail. Also note black surrounding eye and black mustache. Stout pointed bill typical of this family. Sexes alike. Found in open habitats including grasslands, marshes, and open woodland, often associated with water. Usually in small flocks. A lowland bird, not usually wandering higher than a couple hundred meters in elevation.
识别特征
The oriole blackbird grows to a length of nearly 30 cm (12 in). The sexes are similar in appearance. The head, neck, shoulders and underparts are bright yellow; the back, wings, rump and tail are black, apart from the lower wing-coverts showing a strip of yellow. The eye is brown and is surrounded by a black eye ring, and the large bill and feet are blackish. The voice consists of several loud, scratchy calls, uttered from elevated perches or emitted when on the wing. One is a screech that resembles the sound made by a rusty hinge.
分类信息
In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the oriole blackbird in his Ornithologie based on a specimen which he mistakenly believed had been collected in New Spain. He used the French name Le troupiale brun de la Nouvelle Espagne and the Latin Icterus Fuscus Novae Hispaniae. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his Systema Naturae for the twelfth edition, he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson. One of these was the oriole blackbird. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the binomial name Oriolus mexicanus, cited Brisson's work and gave the type location as Mexico. The type location was subsequently designated as Cayenne in French Guiana. This species is now the only member of the genus Gymnomystax that was introduced by the German naturalist Ludwig Reichenbach in 1850. The name Gymnomystax combines the Ancient Greek words gumnos "bare" and mustax "moustache". The species is monotypic.
- 学名
- Gymnomystax mexicanus
- 命名信息
- (Linnaeus, 1766)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Icteridae
- 属
- Gymnomystax
分布与栖息地
This icterid is found in the northern part of South America. Its range includes French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and northern Brazil. Its typical habitat is grassy areas with isolated trees near rivers, marshes, islands in rivers and gallery forest.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: stable.
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Sunda Blue Flycatcher
Cyornis caerulatus
Medium-sized flycatcher with a long slender bill and orange underparts. Male is ocean-blue above, with a lighter-colored forehead, rump, and shoulder patches; darker than similar male Bornean Blue Flycatcher. Female is dark brown above, with paler orange underparts and a blue tail—a plumage unique within this species’s range. Favors inland lowland and lower foothill forests (away from Mangrove Blue Flycatcher’s coastal habitat) and not as strongly associated with riverways and streams as Malaysian Blue Flycatcher. Song is a series of three to four high whistles.
Sahul Sunbird
Cinnyris frenatus
Tiny and active sunbird of forest edges, parks, and gardens; ranges from Sulawesi east to the northern Moluccas, New Guinea, and northeastern Australia. Both sexes have a plain olive back, a yellow belly, and white tail edges that are flared out in flight. The male flashes an iridescent blue throat while the female has a yellow throat and eyebrow. In parts of range, female Sahul may be confused with female Black Sunbird; note that species’ unmarked gray head and shorter, less curved bill. Gives a buzzy, twittering song, as well as a rising “dwee”, a familiar sound even in cities. Formerly grouped with other, closely related species under “Olive-backed Sunbird.”
White-throated Hawk
Buteo albigula
Locally fairly common summer breeder in temperate rainforests of southern Chile and adjacent Argentina; migrates north in March–April to winter in Andes from Bolivia to Venezuela, returning in September–October. Usually seen in flight over forest and edge, circling high or kiting motionless in the wind; rarely seen perched. Note dark head and clean white throat, diagnostic dark “armpits,” and rather flat-winged gliding with wingtips curled up slightly. Compare with immatures of the larger Variable and Rufous-tailed Hawks.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。