Surf Cinclodes
Cinclodes taczanowskii
Brown thrush-like bird of the Peruvian coastline; it never ventures very far from the ocean. Note the buffy wing markings and white streaking on the throat, though its highly specialized habitat is the best identification feature; any brown land bird foraging at the edge of the sea is likely to be this species. Prefers rocky areas over sandy beaches; also seen along concrete embankments.
识别特征
The Peruvian seaside cinclodes is about 21 cm (8.3 in) long and weighs about 63 g (2.2 oz). It is a large cinclodes with a straight bill. The sexes have the same plumages. Adults have an indistinct buffy brown supercilium on an otherwise brownish face. Their crown is dark sepia brown and their upperparts dark brown. Their wing coverts are dusky brown with paler edges. Their primaries are dusky brown and most have cinnamon buff or pale rufous bases. Their secondaries have blackish-bordered rufous bases and dusky brown tips. Their tertials are dusky brown with rufescent brown edges. Their tail is blackish brown; the outer three pairs of feathers have progressively more pale rufous on their tips. Their throat is dirty white with dusky spots, their breast brown with short pale streaks, and their belly plain brown.Their iris is brown, their bill black or brown, and their legs and feet dark gray-brown or black.
分类信息
The Peruvian seaside cinclodes and the Chilean seaside cinclodes (C. nigrofumosus) have on and off been considered separate species and conspecific. Studies in the twenty-first century show that they are very weakly differentiated genetically. As of 2023 they are treated as sister species, and the two are sister to the dark-bellied cinclodes (C. patagonicus). The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society is seeking a proposal to consider merging them.<p>The Peruvian seaside cinclodes is monotypic.
- 学名
- Cinclodes taczanowskii
- 命名信息
- Berlepsch & Stolzmann, 1892
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Cinclodes
分布与栖息地
The Peruvian seaside cinclodes is found along the Peruvian coast from the Department of Ancash south to the Department of Tacna almost on the Chilean border, and on several nearshore islands. It inhabits the intertidal zone where it favors rocks though it will occasionally move onto adjacent sandy areas.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Peruvian seaside cinclodes is a year-round resident throughout its range and essentially never leaves the water's edge.<p>The sister Peruvian and Chilean seaside cinclodes are the only passerines that forage at the ocean's surf line. The Peruvian seaside cinclodes forages singly or in pairs, and feeds on aquatic invertebrates, though full details are lacking. Its diet is known to include small crabs and other crustaceans, small bivalves and snails, isopods, and beetles.<p>Only one nest of the Peruvian seaside cinclodes has been described. It was a cup of algae with a few plant fibers and feathers placed in a rock crevice. It was active in February.<p>The song of the Peruvian seaside cinclodes has been described as "a trill" and its call as "an abrupt chec".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Sulawesi Heleia
Heleia squamiceps
A small, slim-billed songbird with a green upperside, yellow-washed underparts with green sides, and extensive white streaks on the head. South Sulawesi form shows a scaled throat; all other forms have an unmarked pale throat. Juveniles show a green-toned crown and a paler underside. Pairs or small groups inhabit montane forest and edges, frequenting mixed-species flocks. Confined to Sulawesi. Unmistakable: the only warbler-like songbird with abundant white head streaking. Short, rich warbled song includes repeated phrases like “twit-tiwit…” interspersed with “chu-chu-chu” notes. Call is a soft “chu-chu-chu.”
Rufous-vented Ground-Cuckoo
Neomorphus geoffroyi
A large ground-dwelling cuckoo. Patchily distributed from Honduras to Brazil; always rare and difficult to find. Unmistakable if seen well. Look for a robust bird with a long tail, shabby crest, and stout pale yellowish bill. Overall brownish with a black breast band and green and purple metallic sheen on the wings and tail. Singles or pairs are most likely to be found following an army ant swarms on the forest floor. Occurs in mature lowland forest, occasionally into the foothills up to around 1,600 m.
Cinnamon-chested Flycatcher
Ficedula buruensis
A small bicolored flycatcher, uniform blackish above with an apricot throat and breast. On Buru, orange restricted to throat and breast, and belly is white. Elsewhere, underparts are entirely orange. Found in understory, perching low, within forests of lowlands and foothills, singly or in pairs that join mixed-species flocks. Confined to the South Moluccas. Distinguished from Snowy-browed Flycatcher by absense of facial markings. Gives a high-pitched song, “tsi-tsi-tsew-tsew-twew,” that rises at start and descends at end. Also gives harsh, metallic “tchik” notes and mournful whistles, “tsew-tsew-tsew.”
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