Black-billed Mountain-Toucan
Andigena nigrirostris
Distinctive toucan of montane forests in the Andes from Venezuela to extreme northwest Peru. Easy to identify with black cap, dark bill, white throat, powder blue belly, and mostly brownish upperparts. Occurs from 1,500-2,500m, typically below the elevational range of Gray-breasted Mountain-Toucan but occasionally some overlap. Uncommon; usually found singly or in pairs in the forest canopy, often around fruiting trees.
识别特征
The three subspecies of black-billed mountain toucan have almost the same plumage. They have a black cap and nape and bronzy upperparts with a pale yellow rump. Their tail is dark slate with chestnut tips on the central two or three pairs of feathers. Their face and throat are white becoming pale blue on the breast; their thighs are chestnut and their undertail coverts are red. Bare skin surrounds their eye; it is pale blue before it and yellow or orange behind. Subspecies A. n. occidentalis' plumage differs from that of the other two only by having darker chestnut thighs.<p>Within each subspecies both sexes have the same bill pattern but the female's bill is shorter. The nominate subspecies has an entirely black bill. A. n. spilorhynchus has a mostly black bill with some dark red at the base and on the upper part of the maxilla. A. n. occidentalis has a bill like that of spilorhynchus but the red of the maxilla extends more than half way along the culmen.
分类信息
The black-billed mountain toucan was originally described in genus Pteroglossus. Three subspecies are recognized, the nominate A. n. nigrirostris (Waterhouse, 1839), A. n. occidentalis (Chapman, 1915), and A. n. spilorhynchus (Gould, 1858).<p>A. n. spilorhynchus was originally described as the species Andigena spilorhynchus.
- 学名
- Andigena nigrirostris
- 命名信息
- (Waterhouse, 1839)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Ramphastidae
- 属
- Andigena
分布与栖息地
The subspecies of black-billed mountain toucan are found thus:<p>The black-billed mountain toucan inhabits a variety of landscapes including cloudforest, subtropical to temperate montane forest, and more open areas such as croplands near forest and open sites with scattered trees. In elevation it mostly ranges between 1,700 and 2,700 m (5,600 and 8,900 ft) but occurs rarely down to 1,200 m (3,900 ft) and has been found as high as 3,245 m (10,600 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
As far as is known, the black-billed mountain toucan is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The black-billed mountain toucan mostly forages in the forest's canopy, in pairs or in small family groups. Its diet is known to include several kinds of fruit and some insects, but details are lacking.<p>The black-billed mountain toucan's breeding season is from August to November in Venezuela. It is from March to August in Colombia, and in Ecuador is thought to be the same or earlier. Essentially nothing else is known about its breeding biology.<p>The black-billed mountain toucan makes "nasal 'gwaaak' notes...variable, notes can be drawn out, or yelp-like". It also makes bill-rattling or clacking that may be combined with the vocalization.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Santa Marta Sabrewing
Campylopterus phainopeplus
Rare hummingbird endemic to Colombia’s Santa Marta Mountains. Male is green with a blue throat, and female is green above and mostly white below. Both sexes have a white spot behind the eye and lack copper in the tail. Male could be confused with male Lazuline Sabrewing or Black-throated Mango, whose coppery tails are not always evident. Female is similar to female White-vented Plumeleteer, but has a more conspicuous eye spot and less white on the tail tip. Poorly known and rarely seen in the areas typically visited by birders.
Ruddy Duck
Oxyura jamaicensis
Small, compact duck with a long, fan-shaped tail, often held sticking up out of water. Breeding males have a chestnut body, black cap, white cheek, and baby-blue bill. Winter males have a brown body, black cap and white cheek. Females and immature males are brown overall with a dark cap and dark line through the cheek. Often in tight groups bobbing like corks on ponds and bays. Dives to forage on aquatic invertebrates. Not often seen flying.
Black-throated Thistletail
Asthenes harterti
Small, round, long-tailed canastero of dense understory in upper humid montane forest along the east slope of the Andes in central and NW Bolivia. Fairly common throughout range, and very inquisitive. Black throat, plump figure,and long thin raggedy tail distinctive in range. Song a fast, accelerating series of high squeaks.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。