Bahia Spinetail
Synallaxis cinerea
Range-restricted species with a long, ragged-ended spiky tail. Bright cinnamon crown, wings, and tail contrast with ash-gray face and underparts. Note the narrow cinnamon-buff eyebrow. Occurs in montane forest, where it forages in the understory. Sings a double-noted “di-réét, di-réét,” repeated continually.
识别特征
The Bahia spinetail is 15 to 17 cm (5.9 to 6.7 in) long and weighs 16 to 21 g (0.56 to 0.74 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a wide cinnamon-buff supercilium and brownish gray lores and ear coverts. Their crown and nape are bright orange-rufous and their back, rump, and uppertail coverts are rufescent brown. Their wings are mostly chestnut-brown. Their tail is chestnut; it is graduated and the feathers have pointed tips. Their chin has a tiny tawny spot; the rest of their chin and throat are whitish with faint gray streaks. The rest of their underparts are dark grayish. Their iris is reddish brown to dark brown, their bill dark gray (sometimes with a paler base), and their legs and feet olivaceous to dark gray.
分类信息
The Bahia spinetail was long treated as a conspecific population of the rufous-capped spinetail (S. ruficapilla) and data both support and refute that treatment. As of late 2023 major taxonomic systems treat the Bahia spinetail as a full species with no subspecies. Its specific epithet has bounced between whitneyi and the current cinerea.
- 学名
- Synallaxis cinerea
- 命名信息
- Wied-Neuwied, M, 1831
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Synallaxis
分布与栖息地
The Bahia spinetail is found in eastern Brazil, in a very small area spanning southern Bahia and northeastern Minas Gerais. It inhabits the undergrowth of montane evergreen forest, where it favors edges dense with vines, ferns, and bamboo. In elevation it ranges between 500 and 1,000 m (1,600 and 3,300 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Bahia spinetail is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The Bahia spinetail feeds on arthropods. It usually forages in pairs, gleaning and probing dead leaves and small branches. It typically feeds 1 to 2 m (3 to 7 ft) above the ground but will feed on the ground and as high as 5 m (16 ft).<p>Nothing is known about the Bahia spinetail's breeding biology.<p>The Bahia spinetail's song is "a double-noted 'di-réét, di-réét' ", sung by both members of a pair. Its call is a "high, dry 'rutrut-' ".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Gray-throated Sunbird
Anthreptes griseigularis
A small bird of lowland wooded areas with a fairly long, slightly curved, stout bill and yellow underparts. Male has a pale gray throat, a dark reddish cheek and wing patch, a purplish-blue forehead and shoulder, and bottle green on the sides of the throat, the back of the neck, and the crown. Female is fairly drab, with a grayish-brown head and an olive-green back and rump. Male unmistakable. Female similar to several other species, but larger, with a broader bill. Voice not well known, but probably gives a loud “whip!” similar to Brown-throated Sunbird.
Yellow Chat
Epthianura crocea
Brightly colored, terrestrial songbird of open and arid regions and salt marsh from northern central Australia to northern Western Australia, with isolated subspecies near Darwin and on the coast near Rockhampton, Queensland. Olive above, rich bright yellow below, with yellow head and small black chest patch. In flight, back is the same tone as the wings and contrasts with the yellow uppertail. Females plainer, with yellowish underparts, grayish face, and pale eye.
Sao Tome Oriole
Oriolus crassirostris
Old World oriole that is unusual in nearly lacking yellow in its plumage. There is a dark hood which is solid in males and streaky in females. A small white mark on the wing and pale yellow marks in the outer tail can be conspicuous in flight. Found in the canopy of rainforest at low and middle elevations. Song is a series of slurred, low-pitched liquid whistles. Calls include a harsh, upslurred nasal scold. Easily identified, as it is the only oriole on the island of Sao Tome.
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