Kamchatka Leaf Warbler

Gray-brown overall with orange streaks on the breast and a white throat bordered by a thin black outline. Similar to Alpine Accentor, but darker and more extensively streaked. A common inhabitant of rocky alpine plateaus, meadows, and mountain slopes. Typically forages singly, but is often found in high numbers around campsites and towns where they scrounge for scraps.

Breeding male is unmistakable: bright green with a long tail. Non-breeding male is duller but usually still shows some iridescent green and an elongated tail. Female is a big, dull sunbird with a long bill. Found in fynbos, moorland, grassland, scrub, and exotic tree plantations. Restricted to high elevations except in South Africa, where it occurs down to sea level. Song consists of “tyep” notes and emphatic rattles. Female similar to female Bronze Sunbird but larger, duller below, and with a fainter eyebrow.

Large courser with dark brown upperparts and a white belly. In flight, shows a dark upperwing and a black-and-white underwing. Found in savannah and woodland, including miombo and Guinea savanna. A nocturnal species, it spends the day roosting under a thick bush. Calls at night with a haunting, slurred “chee-yaaaa-oo.” This is the courser that is most similar to a lapwing, but its shape is different: taller and with longer legs, and the details of the head and breast pattern don’t match those of any lapwing.