Diamantina Sabrewing
Campylopterus diamantinensis
Large hummingbird of montane forests and edges. Restricted range in mountains of southeastern Brazil. Plain gray below and iridescent green above. Note large dark tail with white tips; also look for fairly heavy, slightly dropped bill and white spot behind eye. Occurs mostly in forest clearings or other semi-open habitats such as edges, tree fall gaps, and gardens. Forages at low- to mid-levels.
识别特征
The Diamantina sabrewing is a large hummingbird, about 13.4 cm (5.3 in) long. Males weigh about 8.5 g (0.30 oz) and females 8.0 g (0.28 oz). The sexes have almost identical plumage including a white spot behind the eye. Their bill is long and slightly decurved; the maxilla is black and the mandible whitish with a brownish tip. Male's upperparts are dark grass green with a darker crown and their underparts dark gray. Their tail's central two pairs of feathers are metallic bronze-green. The other three pairs have bright bronze-green bases that grades through dark olive gray to a wide white tip. The female differs only by being a slightly duller green.
分类信息
The Diamantina sabrewing was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the grey-breasted sabrewing (Campylopterus largipennis). In a 2017 paper Lopes et al. provided convincing evidence that it deserved species status. Starting in 2020 the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society and worldwide taxonomic systems agreed, recognizing the Diamantina sabrewing. It is monotypic.
- 学名
- Campylopterus diamantinensis
- 命名信息
- Ruschi, 1963
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Campylopterus
分布与栖息地
The Diamantina sabrewing is found only in the Espinhaço Range of southeastern Brazil's Minas Gerais state. It inhabits forested streams and ravines in campos rupestre, a high elevation, dry, fire-prone biome between 1,000 and 2,000 m (3,300 and 6,600 ft). The type locality is Córrego das Pedras in the municipality of Diamantina.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Diamantina sabrewing's movements, if any, have not been documented.<p>The Diamantina sabrewing's foraging strategy and diet are not known but are assumed to be similar to those of its former "parent" the grey-breasted sabrewing.<p>Nothing is known about the Diamantina sabrewing's breeding phenology.<p>The Diamantina sabrewing's vocalizations are very poorly known. As of mid-2022 xeno-canto has no recordings and the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's Macaulay Library only two. The species' original description noted that its alarm call is "a strong, rapidly repeated single note: ché, ché, ché, ché, ché, ché."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Española Ground-Finch
Geospiza conirostris
A large and stout-billed Galápagos finch confined to the island of Española. Identification is straightforward, since the only other finches living on Española (Small Ground-Finch and Gray Warbler-Finch) have relatively tiny bills. Bill is pure black on breeding male and marked with pink or orange on female and nonbreeding male. Male’s plumage is mostly sooty-black; female is browner with pale streaks on the underparts. Common in arid areas near the coast. Often seen perched on rocks and bushes, or hopping around on the beach.
Noisy Friarbird
Philemon corniculatus
Large gray-brown honeyeater with a completely bare black head and a distinctive "horn" on the bill. Upperparts are gray and underparts are dull white. Completely bare head is unique among the friarbirds. Typically very loud; emits a variety of harsh, loud squawks. Inhabits a wide range of habitats in eastern Australia, including (especially) open forests and gardens and parks, where it is common.
Spix's Woodcreeper
Xiphorhynchus spixii
Medium-sized woodcreeper with a slightly curved bill. Has buff spots on its head which become elongated semi-circles with dark edges on the mantle and underparts. Found in the understory of humid forest, where it regularly accompanies mixed-species flocks and occasionally attends army-ant swarms. The song is a fast trill that ends with a whine “-wheu.” Best distinguished from the similar Striped Woodcreeper by Spix’s darker bill, darker and less contrasting head, and different song and habitat.
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