Castelnau's Antshrike
Thamnophilus cryptoleucus
Large black antshrike with a white back patch. Males have white wingbars, absent in females. An inhabitant of seasonally flooded forests, second growth, and river islands with dense understory composed of Cecropia and Heliconia vegetation. Forages in the understory and rarely accompanies mixed-species flocks. The song is an accelerating series of low descending notes.
识别特征
Castelnau's antshrike is 16 to 18 cm (6.3 to 7.1 in) long and weighs 30 to 35 g (1.1 to 1.2 oz). Members of genus Thamnophilus are largish members of the antbird family; all have stout bills with a hook like those of true shrikes. This species exhibits slight sexual dimorphism. Adult males are mostly black. They have a mostly hidden white patch between their scapulars, white tips on the scapulars, white tips and edges on their wing coverts, sometimes very small white tips on their flight feathers, and white underwing coverts. Their flanks and belly are dark gray. Adult females are similar to males but their scapulars and wing coverts are entirely black. Subadults are similar to adult females but browner. Both sexes have a brown iris, a black bill, and blue-gray legs and feet.
分类信息
Castelnau's antshrike was originally described as Myrmelastes cryptoleucus. By the principle of priority, Myrmelastes is junior to Myrmeciza. In 1924 it was transferred to that genus and then in 1927 to its current Thamnophilus. Later some authors treated Castelnau's antshrike as a subspecies of the blackish-grey antshrike (T. nigrocinereus), but that approach was not widely accepted. They are now considered sister species. Castelnau's antshrike is monotypic.
- 学名
- Thamnophilus cryptoleucus
- 命名信息
- (Ménégaux & Hellmayr, 1906)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Thamnophilus
分布与栖息地
Castelnau's antshrike is found along the upper Amazon River and its major upstream tributaries. It occurs along the Rio Napo in Ecuador and Peru to where it enters the Amazon. In Ecuador it also occurs along the Río Pastaza and presumably further downstream on that river in Peru. In Peru it also occurs along the rios Marañón and Ucayali. In Colombia it occurs in the extreme south along the Amazon, and in Brazil along the Amazon almost to the Rio Negro. Castelnau's antshrike is found almost exclusively on river islands but also occurs on the "mainland" near the rivers. In all areas it occurs mostly in dense understorey but commonly into the mid-storey as well. In elevation it occurs only as high as about 300 m (1,000 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Yellow-eyed Black-Flycatcher
Melaenornis ardesiacus
Slim, long-tailed, all-black flycatcher with a pale yellow eye. Found along the edge and in clearings within Albertine Rift montane forest. Single birds of pairs perch out on conspicuous perches, sometimes quite low. Calls include low chuckling notes and a high, thin whistle; the song is a whispy, complex mix of high-pitched notes. Distinguished from all similar black birds by its pale eye.
White-bellied Heron
Ardea insignis
Large, imperious stone-gray heron, very locally distributed and extremely rare. Note dark gray wings, pale throat patch, and white belly. Shows strong black-and-white contrast on the underwing when in flight. Inhabits waterside areas surrounded by mature broadleaf forests in foothill and mountainous areas; particularly favors pristine mountain rivers and streams. Declining due to habitat degradation.
White-tailed Kite
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Mostly white, small hawk. Gray wings and back with black shoulders. Hovers over open areas in search of mice, snakes, and other prey. Perches atop tall vegetation in open landscapes including coastal plains and agricultural areas.
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