Diabolical Nightjar
Eurostopodus diabolicus
A dark, cryptically patterned nightjar with a bold buff collar, and prominent pale gray patches on the upperparts. In flight, note the small white mark on the outer wing. Inhabits forest and edges in the foothills and mountains. Pairs often roost on the ground. Restricted to Sulawesi. Never shows white in the tail, unlike Sulawesi and Savanna Nightjars. Smaller than Great Eared-Nightjar, and never hawks above the canopy. Song is a rapid series, “ke-ke-ke-ke-ke-ke.” Also gives soft “whip” calls.
识别特征
The Satanic nightjar measures about 27 cm (11 in) long. It has a white to buff-colored collar at its throat, blackish head, greyish-brown back, barred brown belly, and white spots on its 3rd and 4th outer primaries. It can be distinguished from other nightjars in the area by its dark color and the absence of ear tufts, white tail, and wing patches.
分类信息
The Satanic nightjar belongs to the order Caprimulgiformes, and the nightjar family Caprimulgidae, falling within the genus Eurostopodus along with six other birds. Though it is sometimes confused with other nightjars found within its range such as great eared nightjar (Eurostopodus macrotis), savanna nightjar (Caprimulgus affinis), and the Sulawesi nightjar (Caprimulgus celebensis) it is believed to share a closer evolutionary origin with New Guinea nightjars including Archbold's nightjar (Eurostopodus archboldi) and the Papuan nightjar (Eurostopodus papuensis), which it most resembles in appearance and habitat preference. Though Satanic nightjars have always been treated as a single species, recent comparisons of photographed and observed individuals have revealed differences which could indicate there are in fact two separate types. Individuals from central Sulawesi have grey on their tails and scapulars, along with white-tipped, oval-shaped breast feathers. Conversely, individuals from the north of the island lack grey markings and have less pronounced breast feathers. Regional differences in the birds' song may also exist. However, more evidence must be gathered before any conclusions can be drawn.
- 学名
- Eurostopodus diabolicus
- 命名信息
- Stresemann, 1931
- 目
- Caprimulgiformes
- 科
- Caprimulgidae
- 属
- Eurostopodus
分布与栖息地
The Satanic nightjar is restricted to Sulawesi, Indonesia. It inhabits lowland and mountain rainforests of the region from 250 to 2,300 metres (820 to 7,550 ft) above sea level. It seems to favour edge habitats with low canopies and groves of palms and rattans. It can be found in forest clearings, as well as open spaces created by roads and trails in old-growth forests. While it has mostly been sighted in the north and central parts of the island, its range could extend over all of Sulawesi.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
其他鸟类
Tui Parakeet
Brotogeris sanctithomae
Small, short-tailed parakeet of lowland rainforest. Green with yellow forehead patch, light eye, and peach-colored bill. Also has blue wing feathers visible in flight, like many small green parakeets. Almost always found in pairs or groups, and is quite loud in flight, giving harsh “kreet” calls. Similar to Cobalt-winged Parakeet, but has a light eye, a yellow forehead, and slightly harsher calls.
Gray-and-gold Warbler
Myiothlypis fraseri
Handsome gray-and-yellow warbler found in western Ecuador and northwestern Peru. Most common in dry forest, but ranges into more humid forest in some areas. Note the black crown stripe bordered by gray eyebrows that turn white near the base of the bill. Singles or pairs forage actively in the forest understory, often giving a cheerful song of high, ringing notes.
Mottled Owl
Strix virgata
A common, fairly large owl of tropical lowlands and foothills. Found in forests, woodlands, plantations, gardens, and towns. Roosts during the day at all levels in dense cover of taller trees, but at night it often hunts from low perches such as fence posts and road signs. Note the rounded head, brown eyes framed with whitish crescents on either side of the bill, and overall brown plumage that is streaked below. Varied gruff hoots can suggest a dog barking.
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