Heart-spotted Woodpecker
Hemicircus canente
Small and unique black-and-cream woodpecker with an oversized crested head and short tail. Male has a dark forehead, whereas female has a white one. Namesake spots are on the wing coverts and can be difficult to make out unless seen well. Listen for its twangy “cheeYEWW” as well as high-pitched “chee” and “chi’lee” calls. Encountered in lowland and foothill forests; favors dense wet areas with bamboo and teak, but can also be found in drier forests.
识别特征
A small, uniquely shaped, black and buff woodpecker with a large crest making the head look large for the short body and tail. Both males and females are predominantly black with heart-shaped black spots on white shoulders with broad white scapular patches and barring of flight feathers. The female has the forehead and crown buffy white while it is black on males. The throat is whitish and the underparts are dark olive grey. A tuft of feathers on the back are specialized and are lipid rich which causes the feathers to stick together in preserved specimens. These special feathers or "fat quills" sometimes make the rump feathers appear buff and may be a form of "cosmetic colouration" and the secretion is said to have a pleasant smell but the functional significance is unknown.
分类信息
The heart-spotted woodpecker was described in 1832 by the French naturalist René Lesson from a specimen collected from Bago in Myanmar. He coined the binomial name Picus canente. The specific name is from Roman mythology: Canens was a sweet-voiced nymph, her husband was Picus. The species is now placed in the genus Hemicircus that was introduced in 1837 by the English naturalist William John Swainson. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.
- 学名
- Hemicircus canente
- 命名信息
- (Lesson, RP, 1832)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Picidae
- 属
- Hemicircus
分布与栖息地
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. They are found in the Himalayan forests of India, and extend into Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. Within India, they are also found in the Western Ghats and the forests of central India. A subspecies cordatus based on the description by Thomas C. Jerdon from a specimen from the Western Ghats is not considered distinct and the populations differ slightly in plumage colour and vary clinally in size (the northern birds being larger than those closer to the equator).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
These woodpeckers forage in pairs, sometimes joining mixed-species foraging flocks. They fly from tree to tree in a sharply bounding flight giving a head-heavy appearance. They forage on thin branches and call often. They feed mainly on insects under bark but have been known to peck the pods of Cassia fistula to obtain insect larvae. The calls include a sharp twee-twee-twee (duet call) sometimes leading to a trill of several notes, a nasal ki-yeew and repeated su-sie calls. They drum infrequently during the breeding season, mainly during winter and before the Monsoons. The nest is bored in a dead branch with a narrow 3 to 4 cm diameter opening and the tunnel going down obliquely about 20 cm before widening into a chamber. Nests may sometimes be built in fence posts. The usual clutch is 2 or 3 eggs, which are unmarked white. Ticks of the species Haemaphysalis spinigera have been noted on these birds.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Leaf-love
Phyllastrephus scandens
A large and relatively colorful greenbul of humid forests. The back is rusty-brown, the underparts buffy, the tail brick red, the head mostly gray, and the throat white. Found in rainforest, swamp forest, and gallery forest, mostly in wet areas near water, usually in small groups that vocalize frequently. The vocalizations, often given in chorus, are a series of gabbling “chowp” notes and a faster, babbler-like series. The voice can be very similar to those of Yellow-throated and Swamp Greenbuls.
Black-headed Saltator
Saltator atriceps
Fairly common in humid tropical lowlands. Favors forest edge, plantations, adjacent semi-open areas with trees and hedges. Usually in noisy small groups moving at mid-upper levels. Black head and bib surrounds white throat patch (throat patch buffy in Los Tuxtlas region of southern Veracruz), upperparts bright golden green. Larger and noisier than the rather similar Buff-throated Saltator, which has a less contrasting black head.
Red-fronted Macaw
Ara rubrogenys
A large and sometimes conspicuous macaw of Bolivia’s interandean dry valleys. This species is critically endangered, but can sometimes be locally common, especially near tall cliffs cut in hillsides by rivers. Often forages in and around agriculture. The only large, green macaw in its range. Fairly similar to Military Macaw, but shows orange fold to leading edge of wing, no bare facial skin, and a dark gray bill. Often noticed by loud, raucous voice.
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