Greenish Puffleg
Haplophaedia aureliae
A fairly dull green hummingbird with small white puffs at the base of each leg. Otherwise devoid of flashy field marks; look for a rather short straight bill, diffuse scaled appearance on the underparts, dark tail, and coppery sheen on the head. Sexes similar. Usually uncommon in Andean cloud forest from 1,500–2,500 m; can be found within forest or at the edge.
识别特征
The greenish puffleg is 9 to 11.6 cm (3.5 to 4.6 in) long and weighs 4 to 6.5 g (0.14 to 0.23 oz). Males of the nominate subspecies have green upperparts with a coppery hue on the head and neck. The underparts are duller green with a grayish white scaly appearance. The leg puffs are white on the outside and buff on the inside. The slightly forked tail is blue-black. Females are similar but their underparts are more heavily scaled and their leg puffs entirely white. Juveniles resemble females.<p>Subspecies H. a. caucensis has grass green upperparts with a more intense coppery tinge on the head and rump than the nominate, and also a white patch on the belly. Males of H. a. floccus are similar to caucensis but with paler green underparts and less of a coppery tinge on the upperparts, but in addition bright cinnamon uppertail coverts. The female's foreneck and breast have prominent white scaling. Males of H. a. galindoi are darker green above and below compared to floccus and the scaling of females' underparts is more muted. H. a. russata has a longer bill and brighter copper upperparts than the nominate and its underparts are scaled brown rather than grayish white. H. a. cutucuensis is like the nominate but with much heavier grayish white scaling on the underparts.
分类信息
An early author included Haplophaedia in genus Eriocnemis but later work confirmed that they are separate sister genera.<p>The greenish puffleg has six recognized subspecies (but see the text below the list):<p>The taxonomy of this species is unsettled. H. a. russata has sometimes been treated as a separate species. H. a. floccus and H. a. galindoi have sometimes been included in H. a. caucensis. The two subspecies of buff-thighed puffleg (H. assimilis) were originally included in H. aureliae, then split from it. As of early 2022 H. assimilis is under consideration for reinclusion in aureliae but the proposal does not have much support. The greenish and buff-thighed pufflegs are now treated as sister species.
- 学名
- Haplophaedia aureliae
- 命名信息
- (Bourcier & Mulsant, 1846)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Haplophaedia
分布与栖息地
The subspecies of the greenish puffleg are found thus:<p>The South American Classification Committee (SACC) of the American Ornithological Society and the Clements taxonomy include Peru in the species' range but the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) does not.
- 迁徙
- Vertical migration
行为
The greenish puffleg possibly makes seasonal elevational movements.<p>The greenish puffleg forages for nectar mostly in the lower levels of the forest but will go to the canopy to feed at flowering Inga trees. It is territorial and defends clusters of flowers. In addition to nectar, it feeds on insects that it gleans from leaves.<p>The greenish puffleg's breeding season appears to be from December to March but nesting activity has been recorded in other months as well. The female builds a cup nest of moss and cobwebs lined with fine plant material and suspends it below a large leaf that provides protection from rain. It is usually within about 2 m (7 ft) of the ground. The female incubates the clutch of two eggs; incubation time and time to fledging are not known.<p>Groups of male greenish pufflegs sing from high perches, "endlessly repeating a double-noted 'tur seet' or 'tskut'".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Plumbeous Pigeon
Patagioenas plumbea
Large dark pigeon of forest interior. Overall purplish-gray, slightly darker and browner on wings. Pale eye. Sexes alike. Note plainer appearance and longer tail than many other doves and pigeons. Most similar to Ruddy Pigeon but plumage grayer (not reddish) and eye paler. Usually quite secretive, staying in the canopy where singles or pairs feed on fruits. Found from lowlands into subtropical zone, up to 2,300 m (7,500 ft). More often heard than seen; listen for the cooing “who-cooks-for-you” song with the last two notes drawn out.
Bower's Shrikethrush
Colluricincla boweri
Sturdy songbird with substantial bill. Male brown above, peach-buff below, with black bill, grayish head, and pale throat and breast with faint streaking. Female and immature similar but with gray bill and thin orange eyering. Inhabits rainforest at higher elevations in the Wet Tropics region above Cairns in far northern Queensland. Song comprised of four quiet notes followed by three loud, ringing notes.
Niceforo's Wren
Thryophilus nicefori
Endangered songbird restricted to the western slopes of the northern part of Colombia’s eastern Andes. Note the white spectacles, striped face, and barred wings and tail. Very similar to the widespread Rufous-and-white Wren, but duller brown, lacking rich chestnut tones in the plumage, and its song tends to be faster and higher in pitch. Range is also helpful for ID, since the two species have limited, if any, overlap. Skulks in the understory of dry to semi-humid forest as well as in shady coffee and cacao plantations.
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