Slaty Flowerpiercer

Small, yellowish bird with a fine black bill and distinctive black stripes on head. Mostly green above and yellow below; has rufous or orange crown bordered by black, but crown color can be difficult to ascertain. Note olive eyebrow becoming yellow in front of eye, and bright pinkish-yellow legs. Inhabits dense understory of foothill forests along the eastern slope of the southern Andes and in the tepui region. Usually occurs in pairs or small family groups that forage actively for insects, often joining mixed-species flocks. Song in tepuis is a series of chips followed by a high-pitched, screeching note. In southern part of range, song is very different: a rich rollicking series of notes that may vaguely recall House Wren and is often given by pairs as a duet. In southern Andes, most similar to Golden-bellied Warbler but has olive (not entirely yellow) eyebrow; also similar to Golden-crowned Warbler but typically occurs at higher elevations and has olive (not whitish) eyebrow.

Crow-sized raptor typically found around forest edges and rivers. Entirely black except for gleaming white rump and bright facial skin and legs. Similar to Red-throated Caracara that occurs in forest interiors, but has more extensive black plumage and is found in more open habitats. Frequently travels in pairs or groups and is often found around human activity in agricultural areas and riverside towns.

A large cacique, more reminiscent of an oropendola than most other cacique species. Highly local in western Amazonia, where it is mostly associated with flooded forests. Despite its size, more frequently heard than seen. Usually seen in mixed flocks with other species of caciques or oropendolas, as well as in small groups of 3–5 individuals, foraging. Notice the large, sharp white bill, brownish upper back and crown, and the yellow tail. Rest of the plumage generally glossy black or grayish.