Black-necked Aracari
Pteroglossus aracari
Multicolored aracari with a black head, an olive-green back, and a bicolored bill: pale above and black below. Note the red band across its yellow underparts and its red rump. Commonly encountered in a variety of different forested habitats, where it typically gathers in small noisy groups, occasionally with other aracari and toucan species at fruiting trees.
识别特征
The black-necked aracari is 43 to 46 cm (17 to 18 in) long and weighs 177 to 325 g (6.2 to 11 oz). Males and females have the same plumage and bill coloration, though the female's bill is shorter. Adults of the nominate subspecies have a black head, neck, and throat with chestnut-black ear coverts. Their brown eye is surrounded by blue-gray to black bare skin. Their upperparts are mostly green with a red rump. Their underparts are yellow with a wide red band across the lower breast and greenish thighs. Their bill has an ivory maxilla with a black culmen and base and a black mandible; a vertical white line is at the bill's base. Immatures' black and green plumage is sootier than adults' and the red and yellow paler. Their bill is browner without the "teeth" and has no basal white line.<p>Subspecies P. a. atricollis has a wider brown culmen stripe on the bill than the nominate, red-brown ear coverts, and cinnamon-rusty thighs. P. a. wiedii's culmen stripe is slightly wider than the nominate's and it has chestnut ear coverts, chin, and upper throat instead of black.
分类信息
The black-necked aracari was formally described by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae. He placed it with the toucans in the genus Ramphastos and coined the binomial name Ramphastos aracari. Linnaeus based his description on the "Aracari" that had been described and illustrated by the German naturalist Georg Marcgrave in 1648 and the "Toucan or Brazilian Pye" that had been described and illustrated by the English naturalist George Edwards in 1747. The black-necked aracari is now placed in genus Pteroglossus that was introduced in 1811 by the German zoologist Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger. The genus name combines the Ancient Greek pteron meaning "feather" with glōssa meaning "tongue". The specific epithet aracari comes from Arassari, the name of the species in the Tupi language. Alternative common names include Wied's aracari and Maximilian's aracari.<p>Three subspecies of black-necked aracari are recognized:<p>All three subspecies have at times been treated as individual species. Further subspecies divisions have been proposed but not accepted.
- 学名
- Pteroglossus aracari
- 命名信息
- (Linnaeus, 1758)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Ramphastidae
- 属
- Pteroglossus
分布与栖息地
The subspecies of black-necked aracari are found thus:<p>The species inhabits a wide variety of semi-open landscapes including edges and clearings in wet and sand-ridge forests, secondary forest, woodlands, cerrado, gallery forest in savanna, and plantations of fruit trees like papaya. In elevation it mostly occurs from sea level to about 600 m (2,000 ft) but is found higher in Venezuela and the southeastern part of its range.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
White-plumed Antbird
Pithys albifrons
Striking and unmistakable with a rich rusty body, a gray back, a black face, orange legs, and noticeable spiky white facial plumes. Fairly widespread and reasonably common in the lowlands of northern South America, east of the Andes. Most often seen in the vicinity of army ant swarms, perching on vertical branches or vines close to the ground. Listen for harsh descending “churr” calls that might be a clue that there’s an ant swarm nearby.
Morotai White-eye
Zosterops dehaani
A tiny warbler-like songbird with a pale eye-ring, endemic to Morotai. Note black head, a broad white eye-ring, a pale forehead line, a pale patch between bill and eye, a gray back, and no yellow below. Singles, pairs, or groups inhabit forest, edge, and cultivated areas in lowlands and hills. Gives a high-pitched twittering song, characteristic of white-eyes.
Smoky Warbler
Phylloscopus fuligiventer
Dark sooty leaf warbler with a pale brow stripe and no wingbars. Yellow wash to the underparts tends to be absent in worn birds. Extremely similar in appearance to Dusky Warbler, which averages larger and darker overall, and has a longer, brighter brow stripe. Breeds in scrubby areas above the treeline and moves downhill into shrubby and grassy foothill and lowland areas. Forages low on the ground, often around rocks or water. Song is a repetitive series of liquid notes. Calls are dry, hard “chuck” or “tick” notes.
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