Rufous-tailed Stipplethroat
Epinecrophylla erythrura
Brown antwren with reddish tail and wings. Head is gray in both sexes, fading into a warmer brown lower body. Cream wingbars. Slightly longer tailed than similar antwrens and typically forages higher in the midstory. Often joins mixed-species flocks with other antwrens and antshrikes. Listen for its song: a steady series of high, rising “pseet” notes.
识别特征
The rufous-tailed stipplethroat is 10 to 12 cm (3.9 to 4.7 in) long and weighs 9.5 to 12.5 g (0.34 to 0.44 oz). Males are the only members of the genus lacking a contrasting throat. Adult males of the nominate subspecies have a mostly gray face and a whitish throat with some black streaks. Their crown, neck, and upper back are olive-brown; their lower back, rump, and tail are rufous-chestnut. Their wings are brown; their wing coverts are blackish brown with pale buff or white tips. Their breast is gray and their belly and undertail coverts light olive-brown to buff-brown. Adult females have a gray face with a buff tinge. Their throat and breast are ochre and the rest of their underparts brown with an ochre tinge. Both sexes have a red or orange iris and a dark bill. Males of subspecies E. e. septentrionalis look the same as nominate males; females are more ochraceous on their face and underparts.
分类信息
The rufous-tailed stipplethroat was described and illustrated by the English zoologist Philip Sclater in 1890 and given the binomial name Hypocnemis erythrura. It was subsequently placed in genus Myrmotherula. Based on genetic and vocal studies it and seven other members of that genus were moved to genus Epinecrophylla created in 2006. All were eventually named "stipplethroats" to highlight a common feature and to set them apart from Myrmotherula antwrens.<p>The rufous-tailed stipplethroat has two subspecies, the nominate E. e. erythrura (Sclater, PL, 1890) and E. e. septentrionalis (Zimmer, JT, 1932).
- 学名
- Epinecrophylla erythrura
- 命名信息
- (Sclater, PL, 1890)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Epinecrophylla
分布与栖息地
The rufous-tailed stipplethroat's nominate subspecies is found from southeastern Colombia south through eastern Ecuador into northeastern Peru to the Marañón and Amazon rivers and east into extreme northwestern Brazil. Subspecies E. e. septentrionalis is found in eastern Peru south of the Marañón and in west-central Brazil south of the Amazon. The species primarily inhabits terra firme evergreen forest in the lowlands and foothills, but also transitional forest and várzea. In elevation it occurs below 600 m (2,000 ft) in most of its range and locally up to 900 m (3,000 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: stable.
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Scissor-tailed Nightjar
Hydropsalis torquata
Boldly marked nightjar; streaked brown, gray, and buff above and barred brown below with a prominent rufous neck patch. Males have spectacular scissor-shaped tail extensions, dark on the outside, pale on the inside. Tail of females is short with no white. Fairly common in grasslands with scattered bushes and at forest edges.
Bornean Treepie
Dendrocitta cinerascens
Long-tailed corvid of Borneo’s hilly and montane forests; the only treepie in its range. Note stout black bill, black wings with white patch, and warm buffy brown underparts and face. Social and noisy; often encountered in flocks as individuals keep in contact with one another via an assortment of squawks, rasps, and clinking metallic notes. Can be fairly tame, allowing close approach, especially around trails and campsites.
Bush Pipit
Anthus caffer
A small, dumpy pipit lacking a distinct eyebrow. The lack of wingbars and the diffuse streaks on the breast that do not reach the flanks are further distinguishing features. Pairs are furtive in open and lightly wooded savanna with bare patches, particularly where it is grassy or rocky. The scratchy, buzzy vocalizations can only be confused with those of Short-tailed Pipit, which differs from Bush Pipit by having a shorter tail and bill, and by being more heavily streaked on both upperparts and underparts, with streaking reaching the flanks. The Short-tailed Pipit also prefers different habitat: lush grassland in hilly areas and coastal plains.
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