Green-and-white Hummingbird
Elliotomyia viridicauda
Medium-sized hummingbird of middle elevations. Green above, white below, with a variably pinkish lower mandible. Found in humid forest and around forest edges. Distinguished with care from the very similar White-bellied Hummingbird by its completely dark underside of the tail (where there is some white in White-bellied), and by its sometimes darker lower mandible. Green-and-white Hummingbird is also typically more closely associated with forested habitats than White-bellied.
识别特征
The green-and-white hummingbird is 10 to 11 cm (3.9 to 4.3 in) long. Males weigh about 6.0 g (0.21 oz) and females about 5.5 g (0.19 oz). Both sexes have a medium length straight bill with a blackish maxilla and a reddish mandible with a dark tip. Adult males have brilliant green to bronze-green upperparts and flanks. Their undersides are whitish from the chin to the undertail coverts with greenish spots on the sides of the chin and throat and sometimes some golden-green on the coverts. Their tail is grayish green to golden green. Adult females are very similar to males, but with a light cream chin and throat that are more heavily spotted. Juveniles are similar to adult females with the cream of the throat extending to the belly.
分类信息
The green-and-white hummingbird has at various times been placed in genera Leucippus and Elliotia, and until 2014 in Amazilia. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Amazilia was polyphyletic. In the revised classification to create monophyletic genera, the green-and-white hummingbird was placed by most taxonomic systems in a new genus Elliotomyia. However, BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) retains it in Amazilia. <p>The green-and-white hummingbird shares genus Elliotomyia with the white-bellied hummingbird (E. chionogaster). It is monotypic.
- 学名
- Elliotomyia viridicauda
- 命名信息
- (Berlepsch, 1883)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Elliotomyia
分布与栖息地
The green-and-white hummingbird is found on the east slope of the Peruvian Andes discontinuously from Huánuco Department south to Cuzco, including at Machu Picchu. It inhabits the edges and clearings of mature subtropical forest and also secondary forest between the elevations of 1,000 and 2,500 m (3,300 and 8,200 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The green-and-white hummingbird is generally sedentary though some local dispersal is probable.<p>The white-bellied hummingbird forages for nectar at a variety of flowering plants, shrubs, and trees, though its diet is not known in detail. In addition to nectar it feeds on small arthropods.<p>The white-bellied hummingbird's full breeding season has not been determined, but it is known to include January. It makes a cup nest of plant wool bound by spiderweb with lichen on the outside, and often places it on a horizontal branch of a small tree. The incubation period and time to fledging are not known.<p>The green-and-white hummingbird's song is "a repeated short phrase of typically three squeaky notes, 'tseet-chew-chip … tseet-chew-chip ...'." Its call is "two rising high-pitched notes followed by a descending stuttering series, 'tsee-tseeet-tsi-tsi-tsi-tsi'." Both are very similar to those of its close relative the white-bellied hummingbird.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Tawny-shouldered Blackbird
Agelaius humeralis
A gregarious species that uses a wide variety of habitats. It is colored black overall except for a yellow-orange shoulder patch, which is usually visible when perched, but should always be apparent in flight. The very similar male Red-shouldered Blackbird can be told by its redder shoulder. The female Red-shouldered Blackbird lacks color on the shoulder and thus can look nearly identical to a Tawny-shouldered Blackbird when its shoulder patch is hidden; sometimes, identification of females can only be made in flight. The Shiny Cowbird lacks a shoulder patch, is quite glossy, and has a shorter and stouter bill than the Tawny-shouldered Blackbird. Vocalizations include a rough “chet,” a sharp musical “chee,” and a metallic upslurred “willeee.”
Black-and-red Broadbill
Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos
Utterly unmistakable inhabitant of waterside and riverine lowland evergreen forests, mangroves, and plantations. Midnight black with long white slashes on each wing, wine-red underparts, and a black chinstrap. Bulbous bill is glowingly powder-blue with warm tinges of orange and greenish-yellow. During the breeding season, the pendulous nests of this species can be quite obvious, hanging over forested waterways. Voice is nasal and generally unpleasant-sounding, consisting of odd low mechanical rasps.
Yellow-footed Gull
Larus livens
Large, dark-backed, and stout-billed gull. Adult has dark slaty gray back like Western Gull, but note the rich yellow legs. Immature plumages look much like Western Gull and other large gulls; overall brown in first year with pinkish legs, developing gray back and yellow legs in second year. Restricted range around the Gulf of California in Mexico; some disperse north to the Salton Sea in California. Favors beaches, rocky and muddy intertidal habitats, and fishing harbors.
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