Bare-necked Fruitcrow

Medium-sized, gray bird of tepui highlands. Male is unmistakable with pink collar and undertail coverts; female lacks pink collar. Generally occurs above 800 meters on tepui slopes, where it is an uncommon resident of the mid-story and canopy of tall forest; moves sluggishly and can be difficult to detect when not vocalizing. Feeds mainly on fruit, and is usually encountered alone but may associate with other species at fruiting trees. Most common vocalization is a single sharp rising whistled note, which may be lengthened and slurred downward, given at fairly long intervals. Size, shape and behavior recall Screaming Piha, which does not occur in tepui highlands.

Tiny, active songbird with distinctive black-and-white head pattern. Olive above, white below, with yellow wash on sides and rump and white wingbars; adult male’s vivid red-orange crest especially visible when raised. Inhabits montane coniferous forests and more open, scrubby areas with stunted bushes and evergreen growth. Feeds restlessly on small branches, frequently both gleaning and hovering. Song a somewhat strident series of high-pitched thin “tsi” notes; calls similar to song elements.

Large red-headed woodpecker, widespread from Panama to Paraguay. Found in lowland forest and edges, often perched conspicuously high up on a snag or large tree. More apt to be seen in open habitats compared with Red-necked Woodpecker, but significant overlap. Male is distinctive with barred underparts and almost entirely red head with a black-and-white patch on the cheek. Female distinguished from other large woodpeckers (such as Lineated) by very broad white stripe on face and white V on back. Listen for loud knocking drum as well as various chattering noises.