Pale-bellied Hermit
Phaethornis anthophilus
Large, long-tailed hermit found in northern Colombia and western Venezuela. Like many other hermits, the bill is long and decurved and the central tail feathers are elongated with white tips. Note the pale eyebrow that contrasts with its black mask. Also note whitish underparts and dull greenish upperparts without bright rufous tones. Fairly common in lower levels of dry forests, mangroves, and plantations. Most frequently seen visiting Heliconia flowers.
识别特征
The pale-bellied hermit is about 13 cm (5.1 in) long. Males weigh 4.5 to 5.5 g (0.16 to 0.19 oz) and females 4 to 5 g (0.14 to 0.18 oz). This medium-sized hermit has dark green to olive green upperparts and light gray underparts. The face has a black "mask" with a buffy supercilium and a mostly white throat. The male's bill is almost straight and the female's is decurved. P. a. hyalinus has more bluish green upperparts and paler underparts than the nominate. Members of the suggested P. a. fuscicapillus have shorter wings and bills than the rest of the nominate.
分类信息
Though the scale-throated hermit is a member of the large genus Phaethornis it seems to have no close relatives, and at one time was placed in its own genus, Ametrornis. It has two subspecies, the nominate P. a. anthophilus and P. a. hyalinus. It has been suggested that a third subspecies, P. a. fuscicapillus, be split from anthophilus. A putative subspecies P. a. fuliginosus was based on a melanistic morph that as of 2021 had not been identified to species.
- 学名
- Phaethornis anthophilus
- 命名信息
- (Bourcier, 1843)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Phaethornis
分布与栖息地
The nominate subspecies of pale-bellied hermit taken as a whole is found in central Panama; northern, central, and eastern Colombia; and western and northern Venezuela. The suggested P. a. fuscicapillus is the population in Colombia's Eastern Andes and possibly includes the Venezuelan population as well. P. a. hyalinus is found only on the Pearl Islands off the Pacific coast of Panama.<p>The pale-bellied hermit mostly inhabits semi-deciduous forest and also drier woodland, secondary forest, gallery forest, plantations, and brushy and thorny landscapes. In elevation it ranges from sea level to about 1,500 m (4,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Observations of pale-bellied hermits in northeastern Venezuela hint at regular movements but more data are needed.<p>The pale-bellied hermit is a "trap-line" feeder like other hermit hummingbirds, visiting a circuit of a wide variety of flowering plants for nectar. It also consumes small arthropods.<p>The pale-bellied hermit's breeding seasons appear to vary across its range but have not been fully defined. It suspends a cone-shaped nest under a drooping leaf like many other species of its genus. Its clutch size is two eggs.<p>The pale-bellied hermit's song has not been well described. Its calls are "rather piercing, high-pitched notes".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Juan Fernandez Tit-Tyrant
Anairetes fernandezianus
Restricted to Isla Robinson Crusoe in the Juan Fernandez Islands where no similar species occur. Uncommon and declining. Favors remaining patches of native scrub and low woodland, mainly at elevations above the town. Usually in pairs, hopping low in vegetation; can be curious. Identified by streaked breast and staring pale eyes; wispy crest is often held flattened.
Black Crowned-Crane
Balearica pavonina
An unusual, distinctive, and beautiful crane. The body is mostly blackish, but there is a pale wing panel, a pale pink-and-white cheek patch, and a bizarre yellow crest. Looks hunched in flight, when white wing panels become distinctive. Found in both wetland habitats and dry fields. Usually in pairs or flocks, which can sometimes be large. Similar to Gray Crowned-Crane, but distinguished by much darker base coloration and more pink on the face; there is little overlap in range. The call is a goose-like honking, often given in flight.
Tumbes Hummingbird
Thaumasius baeri
A plain hummingbird found in dry forest and scrub in southwestern Ecuador and northwestern Peru. It is dull green with light gray underparts, a white spot behind the eye, and a thick, slightly curved bill. Some birds show very faint spots on the throat. Similar to Spot-throated Hummingbird, but throat markings are much less conspicuous or entirely absent. Ranges are also different; Tumbes Hummingbird is found only on the Pacific side of the Andes and does not reach the Marañon drainage.
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