Maroon-tailed Parakeet
Pyrrhura melanura
Long-tailed parakeet of lowland and foothill rainforest. Green with conspicuous white scaling on breast and neck, maroon tail, and red patches in the wings. Eyering is black in northwestern Ecuador and southwestern Colombia, white elsewhere in its range. Usually encountered in small flocks that fly rapidly from tree to tree giving shrill, raspy calls. Feeds on fruit, usually high in the canopy.
识别特征
The maroon-tailed parakeet is 23 to 25 cm (9.1 to 9.8 in) long and weighs about 83 g (2.9 oz). The sexes are the same. Adults of the nominate subspecies P. m. melanura have a mostly green head with a brown crown and nape. Their upperparts are green. Their throat, the sides of their neck, and their breast are dark green with buffy whitish feather edges that give a scaly appearance. The rest of their underparts are green. Their wing is mostly green with red and yellowish orange primary coverts; their primaries are mostly blue. Their tail's upper surface is maroon with a green base and its under surface is dusky grayish. Their bill is grayish, their iris dark brown with bare white skin surrounding it, and their legs and feet blackish gray. Immature birds are similar to adults but with less red on the primary coverts.<p>Subspecies P. m. pacifica is darker than the nominate and has no yellow on its primary coverts. Its breast scaling is darker and narrower, its eye ring gray, and its bill blackish. P. m. chapmani is larger than the nominate with less red on its wing and a red patch on its belly. The scaly appearance of its breast extends around the back of its neck. P. m. souancei has a more heavily scaled throat than the nominate, with no yellow on the primary coverts, sometimes red on its carpals, a brownish red belly, and a blacker undertail. P. m. pacifica has even heavier throat scaling than souancei, red carpals, and a brownish red belly.
分类信息
The International Ornithological Committee and the Clements taxonomy assign these five subspecies to the maroon-tailed parakeet:<p>BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) treats P. m. pacifica and P. m. chapmani as separate species, the "Choco" and "Upper Magdalena" parakeets, respectively. Note that the range map excludes these two taxa.<p>This article follows the five-subspecies model.
- 学名
- Pyrrhura melanura
- 命名信息
- (Spix, 1824)
- 目
- Psittaciformes
- 科
- Psittacidae
- 属
- Pyrrhura
分布与栖息地
The subspecies of the maroon-tailed parakeet are found thus:<p>The maroon-tailed parakeet inhabits the canopy and edges of a variety of landscapes including wet lowland premontane forest, cloudforest, várzea, terra firme, and also partially cleared areas. It is most common between 500 and 1,700 m (1,600 and 5,600 ft) of elevation, but P. m. pacifica ranges up to 2,200 m (7,200 ft), P. m. souancei to 3,200 m (10,500 ft), and P. m. berlepschi to 3,200 m (10,500 ft). P. m. chapmani is the exception; it ranges between 1,600 and 2,800 m (5,200 and 9,200 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Yellow-throated Tanager
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A well-named and colorful tanager found in cloud forest along the east slope of the Andes. Blazing yellow throat stands out sharply against its otherwise mostly bluish plumage. Also note black face and rusty vent. No range overlap with the similar Purplish-mantled Tanager. Usually stays low in the forest, though occasionally ventures higher at a fruiting tree. Not strongly associated with mixed-species flocks.
Inland Dotterel
Peltohyas australis
Medium-sized plover endemic to Australia, inhabiting arid, inland areas. Favors flat, open landscapes, usually with scattered, short vegetation. Inconspicuous during the day, this species is more obvious at night when feeding on insects. Often seen next to inland roads. Orange-brown underparts and black streaky patterning on upperparts, with white rump, vertical black line through the eye, and distinctive “Y”-shaped breast marking (less obvious in juvenile).
Boreal Owl
Aegolius funereus
Small, chunky owl with a large, flat-topped head. Note extensive white spotting and gray face framed in black. Inhabits boreal, highland, and mixed woodlands; nests in tree cavities. Can be very difficult to find by day. At night, listen for fast tooting song, which can be confused with a displaying snipe; note clearer whistled tone and steadier volume. Populations move in response to winter conditions and prey populations, with large numbers moving south of typical wintering range some winters. Sometimes hunts small rodents around bird feeders. In Eurasia, compare with Eurasian Pygmy-Owl, which is smaller, has a less distinct facial disc, and finer spotting. In North America, distinguished from Northern Saw-whet Owl by its colder gray-brown coloration and spotted (not streaked) forehead.
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