Thick-billed Miner
Geositta crassirostris
Chunky, stout-billed bird found only in southwestern Peru, where it inhabits coastal hills and arid Andean slopes. Plumage is mostly brown, lacking strong markings, but note its thick curved bill and pale eyebrow. Chestnut wing patch is usually only visible in flight. Short tail helps separate it from Buff-breasted Earthcreeper and White-throated Earthcreeper. Mostly terrestrial, and often seen perching on rocks.
识别特征
The puna miner is a large member of its genus. It is 18.5 to 19 cm (7.3 to 7.5 in) long and weighs 42 to 55 g (1.5 to 1.9 oz). The sexes are alike. The nominate subspecies has a pale face with a creamy supercilium. It is brown or gray-brown from its crown to its rump. Its central tail feathers are brown or dusky brown and the rest are mostly rufous with dusky brown tips. Its wing coverts are brown or gray-brown with whitish buff or paler brown tips. Its primaries are dusky with much rufous on the inner ones, its secondaries rufous with wide dusky bar near the end, and its tertials are dusky brown with pale gray-brown edges. Its chin is white or whitish and its breast and belly are pale grayish buff. Its iris is brown, its heavy decurved bill has a blackish gray to black maxilla and a blue-gray or blue-gray and black mandible, and its legs and feet are whitish to grayish. Subspecies G. c. fortis has more reddish upperparts than the nominate, with more rufous and less of a dusky bar on the flight feathers.
分类信息
The thick-billed miner's taxonomy is unsettled. The International Ornithological Committee and BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World assign it two subspecies, the nominate G. c. crassirostris (Sclater, PL, 1866) and G. c. fortis (Berlepsch & Stolzmann, 1901). The Clements taxonomy does not recognize fortis, treating the thick-billed miner as monotypic.<p>The thick-billed and campo miner (G. poeciloptera) are sister species.
- 学名
- Geositta crassirostris
- 命名信息
- Sclater, PL, 1866
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Geositta
分布与栖息地
The exact extent of the thick-billed miner's range is not known. In general it is a bird of coastal hills and the west side of the Andes from central to southwestern Peru. The nominate subspecies is the more northerly of the two. It inhabits "arid boulder-strewn slopes, with scattered shrubs and columnar cacti." Near the coast it ranges in elevation between 300 and 800 m (1,000 and 2,600 ft) and in the Andes between 1,875 and 3,550 m (6,200 and 11,600 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The thick-billed miner appears to be a year-round resident.<p>The thick-billed miner forages on the ground, singly or in pairs. It walks and runs between probing and picking for food. Its diet has not been described but the stomach contents of specimens have contained insect parts, vegetable matter, and grit.<p>Nothing is known about the thick-billed miner's breeding biology. It is assumed to nest in a burrow in the ground like others of its genus.<p>The thick-billed miner's song is a "forceful, accelerating series of cueew notes often becoming a harsh, grating series of djeer-djeer-djeer-djeer ... notes". Its call is "a rising then falling mewing reew".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
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Phylloscopus collybita
A very plain leaf warbler found in a variety of wooded and scrubby habitats, often near water. Best identified by voice: song is a slightly jerky double-noted chiff-chaff, chiff-chaff..., very different from song of the similar Willow Warbler. Relative to Willow Warbler, Chiffchaff is often duller, more brownish overall with weaker pale eyebrow, dark legs, and tends to habitually dip its tail. Also similar to Booted and Sykes’s Warbler, but these are browner toned with darkish legs and bill.
Black-headed Berryeater
Carpornis melanocephala
Big and chunky cotinga that is usually spotted perching motionless in the canopy of humid forests. The black head contrasts with a red iris. Olive-green on the back and yellow below with dark barring. Both sexes are quite similar. The song is a long whistle with protracted silences between calling bouts.
Bare-legged Owl
Margarobyas lawrencii
A charming owl with large dark eyes, bushy white or buff eyebrows, and a buffy mustache. At night hunts woodlands or open areas with large trees; during the day roosts in tree cavities or caves. Its song is a distinctive accelerating soft “hoo-hoo-hoo-hoo-hoo…” that has a “bouncing ball” rhythm; occasionally gives a screech. No similar species within its range.
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