Scaled Woodcreeper
Lepidocolaptes squamatus
Fairly small woodcreeper with a short, slightly curved pale pinkish bill. Found in a variety of habitats including humid forests, woodlands, and dry forests as well as semi-desert areas. Uniformly rufous upperparts contrast with a bold white eyebrow, white throat, and scaly underparts. Occasionally follows mixed-species flocks. Similar to Scalloped Woodcreeper, which has a darker crown and a more rufous tail.
识别特征
The scaled woodcreeper is 19 to 20 cm (7.5 to 7.9 in) long and weighs about 27 g (0.95 oz). It is a medium-sized woodcreeper with a slim, somewhat decurved bill. The sexes have the same plumage. Adults of the nominate subspecies have a dusky face with whitish streaks and a whitish supercilium that is often broken. Their crown is dark brown lightly spotted with buff. Their back is bright reddish brown and their rump, wings, and tail cinnamon-rufous. Their throat is whitish. Their breast and belly are dusky brown with bold, black-edged, whitish streaks. Their iris is reddish brown to brown and their legs and feet olive-gray to blackish. Their bill is horn-colored to pinkish with a darker maxilla. Subspecies L. s. wagleri is slightly smaller than the nominate, with brighter cinnamon-rufous upperparts, less contrast between crown and back, and more brownish underparts with dimmer dark edges to the streaks.
分类信息
The scaled woodcreeper and what is now the scalloped woodcreeper (L. falcinellus) were previously considered conspecific and are now treated as sister species. Worldwide taxonomic systems assign the scaled woodcreeper two subspecies, the nominate L. s. squamatus (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1822) and L. s. wagleri (Spix, 1824). At least one author treats these subspecies as individual species. However, the genetic distance between them is small, suggesting that the two subspecies would be better if merged to create a monotypic species.
- 学名
- Lepidocolaptes squamatus
- 命名信息
- (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1822)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Lepidocolaptes
分布与栖息地
The nominate subspecies of the scaled woodcreeper is found in eastern and southeastern Brazil. It occurs south and east of the Rio São Francisco from central Bahia south to northern São Paulo. Subspecies L. s. wagleri is found in northeastern Brazil north of the Rio São Francisco in southern Piauí, western Bahia, and northern Minas Gerais.<p>The scaled woodcreeper's two subspecies inhabit different landscapes. The nominate L. s. squamatus inhabits humid Atlantic Forest, especially montane evergreen forest and low elevation rainforest but also gallery forest at the western edge of its range. Subspecies L. s. wagleri inhabits drier landscapes including semi-deciduous and deciduous woodlands, caatinga, and gallery forest. Both subspecies occur at the edges and interior of primary forest and older secondary forest. In elevation the species ranges mostly from sea level to 1,600 m (5,200 ft) but is found occasionally as high as 2,000 m (6,600 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The scaled woodcreeper is believed to be a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The scaled woodcreeper's diet is not known in detail but appears to be mostly arthropods. It usually forages singly, occasionally in pairs, and often joins mixed-species feeding flocks. It hitches up trunks and along slim branches, mostly from the forest's mid-level to the canopy but sometimes lower.<p>The scaled woodcreeper's breeding season has not been defined but includes October. It has been observed nesting in natural cavities and in cavities in buildings. Nothing else is known about its breeding biology.<p>The song of the scaled woodcreeper's nominate subspecies is a "series of sharp, connected 'pi' notes, slightly rising and slowing down and sharply falling off at [the] end". Its call is "péeir". The song and call of L. s. wagleri are not well known but appear to be similar to those of the nominate.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
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Euphonia chrysopasta
Yellow euphonia of lowland rainforest. Males are rich golden-yellow with a light gray nape and prominent white lores; females are similar but with gray underparts. Compared to similar female euphonias, look for the pale patch around the bill and yellow undertail coverts; never shows an orange wash as in other species. Prefers open forest habitats, like young rainforest and forest clearings, but also found sometimes within mature rainforest. Gives a variety of calls, including a short series of high whistles and chips, and a smooth “dwick” call.
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A rufous-brown owl with yellow eyes, prominent white eyebrows, and mottled underparts. Juvenile reportedly redder-colored and plainer. Inhabits forested lower foothills, regularly in pairs. A recently described, little-known owl confined to Sumba. Smaller than Sumba Boobook, and separated by yellow eyes, lack of bands on the underparts, and markedly different voice. Song is a single “woop” note, often given as a duet. One sex calls with a higher pitch than the other.
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Small finch with bright orange bill and a distinctive black-and-white “moustache” mark. Adult male gray above, with barred grayish bib, rusty white-spotted flanks, and black-and-white tail pattern. Female smooth gray to buff on the chest and belly; juvenile similar but with a dark gray bill. Inhabits arid inland Australia, where often found in very large flocks.
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