Blue-backed Manakin
Chiroxiphia pareola
Small bird of riverine and gallery forests in both forest and savanna regions; generally inconspicuous when not displaying. Adult male is distinctive with black body, sky-blue back, and red or yellow crown patch; both sexes have orange legs. Female is similar to White-bearded Manakin, but has somewhat slimmer shape and longer tail. Inhabits forest understory but may ascend to canopy, especially when displaying. Feeds on fruit like other manakins and may be seen at fruiting shrubs and trees. Often detected by loud, single call note; males produce a variety of bizarre sounds in coordinated group display.
识别特征
Like other manakins, the blue-backed manakin is a compact, brightly coloured forest bird, typically 13 cm long and weighing 19 g. The male is mainly black with a bright blue back, and pale orange legs. The crown is typically red, but yellow in C. pareola regina from the south-west Amazon.<p>The female has olive-green upperparts, and somewhat paler olive underparts. Young males are olive, but show a red cap and the start of a blue back as they mature.<p>The race endemic to Tobago, C. p. atlantica is larger and has more extensive red on the crown and blue on the back. It has been suggested that it represents a separate species, the Tobago manakin, but no major authorities recognize this today.<p>This species is similar to lance-tailed manakin, Chiroxiphia lanceolata, which breeds further north from northern Venezuela to Costa Rica, but the latter has elongated central tail feathers, and the male has a somewhat brighter blue back.
分类信息
- 学名
- Chiroxiphia pareola
- 命名信息
- (Linnaeus, 1766)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Pipridae
- 属
- Chiroxiphia
分布与栖息地
It is found in southern Colombia, eastern Venezuela, the Guyanas, northeast Brazil, the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru; and in Tobago. A disjunct population exists on the coastal strip of southeast Brazil, about 3000 km long. The blue-backed manakin is absent in the northwest Amazon Basin, a region from central Venezuela to the southern border of Colombia. This manakin is a fairly common bird of dry and moist deciduous forests, but not rainforest.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The male blue-backed manakin has a fascinating breeding display, unusual in that it is a cooperative display rather than competitive. Two males perch next to each other on a bare stick and jump up and down alternately, giving a buzzing call. When a female approaches, the perched bird moves backwards under the jumping bird, so the two perform a vertical circling movement. Groups of up to eight birds may perform together, with a different stick for each pair of displaying males. The female builds a twig nest in a tree; two brown-mottled white eggs are laid, and incubated entirely by the female for about 20 days.<p>Apart from the buzzing display song, blue-backed manakin has a number of other calls, including a whee-whee-CHUP, sometimes given by two male in synchrony.<p>These manakins eat fruit and some insects.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Pacific Reef-Heron
Egretta sacra
A small heron that hugs rocky coastlines. Light-morph individuals are usually white all over, though some may show patches of gray. Dark-morph individuals are entirely dark gray. Both morphs have a yellowish green bill and legs. Light morph adults are distinguished from egrets in the area by their distinct short-legged appearance and noticeably thicker bill.
Fuerteventura Stonechat
Saxicola dacotiae
Only found on Fuerteventura in the Canary Islands, where generally seen perched on tops of bushes and fences in open country; favors dry river beds. Similar in size and shape to European Stonechat, but males are paler with a white eyebrow and throat and a dark tail and rump. Females are very pale with a dark rump and tail. Song is a short but very melodic jumble of up-and-down whistles and short trills; call is a dry “trk trk.”
Malayan Whistling-Thrush
Myophonus robinsoni
Dark bluish thrush-like bird with a bright yellow bill. Found solely in the highlands of peninsular Malaysia. Lacks “spangled” look of Blue Whistling-Thrush. Found in hilly or montane forests, where it favors wet stony areas around streams or gullies. Call is a high sharp whistle, somewhat akin to brakes squealing.
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