Cinnamon Becard
Pachyramphus cinnamomeus
Medium-sized, overall rusty-colored bird of evergreen forest edge and clearings in humid tropical lowlands. Usually seen as singles or pairs at middle to upper levels in rather open trees. Like other becards, tends to perch fairly upright, quietly craning its head forward to peer around. Male and female look alike. Smaller and slimmer than female Rose-throated Becard, with pale eyebrow and graduated tail feathers.
识别特征
The adult cinnamon becard is 5.5 in (14 cm) long and weighs 0.6–0.8 oz (17–22 g). It is rufous above and paler cinnamon below, with a grey bill and legs. Unlike other becards, the sexes are similar, but the young are brighter above and paler overall. Northern birds have a pale supercilium and dusky line from the bill to the eye, but the subspecies Pachyramphus cinnamomeus magdalenae west of the Andes shows more contrast, with a stronger supercilium and blackish loral line.<p>The calls include high thin whistles. The males' song is a plaintive ascending dee dee dee dee dee dee de while the females' is a weaker deeeu dew dew, dew dew.
分类信息
It has been placed with the tityras in the cotinga or the tyrant flycatcher families by various authors, but the evidence strongly suggest the tityras and their closest relatives are better separated as Tityridae. The AOU for example advocates this separation.
- 学名
- Pachyramphus cinnamomeus
- 命名信息
- Lawrence, 1861
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Tityridae
- 属
- Pachyramphus
分布与栖息地
The cinnamon becard is a resident breeding species from south-eastern Mexico south to north-western Ecuador and north-western Venezuela. It was recently found to be far more common on the Amazonian slope of the Colombian Cordillera Oriental than previously believed.<p>It occurs over a wide range of altitudes, from almost sea level to (albeit rarely) more than 5,000 ft (1,700 m) ASL; they prefer disturbed habitat like open woodland including forest edges and clearings, mangroves, and secondary forest e.g. dominated by Naked Albizia (Albizia carbonaria, Fabaceae).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The nest, built by the female at the tip of a high tree branch 8–50 ft (2.5–15 m) up, is a spherical structure of plant material with a low entrance, which for protection is often built near a wasp nest. The typical clutch is 3–4 olive brown-blotched brownish white eggs, laid between March and July and incubated by the female alone for 18–20 days to hatching. The male helps to feed the young.<p>Cinnamon becards pick large insects and spiders off the foliage in flight. They also regularly hover to take small berries.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Striated Earthcreeper
Geocerthia serrana
Handsome bird with a long, curved bill found only in the high Andes of northern and central Peru. It is brown with chestnut wings and tail, heavily streaked underparts, and white eyebrows. Inhabits areas with dense cover to hide in, but often ventures out into the open to feed. While largely terrestrial, it often perches higher, especially to sing. Gives a variety of harsh, rattling vocalizations.
Purple-backed Thornbill
Ramphomicron microrhynchum
Small hummingbird with an extremely short, straight bill. Males are unmistakable: brilliant purple above and green below. Females are green above and whitish below with dense green spotting, especially on the flanks. Both sexes have a fairly long, notched tail. Occurs in the Andes from western Venezuela to Peru. Usually seen singly in the canopy or borders of humid elfin forest near treeline, though can gather in larger numbers at flowering trees. Also ventures into páramo; occasionally descends to lower elevations in the dry season. Seasonal movements are not understood.
Smoky Honeyeater
Melipotes fumigatus
A medium-sized honeyeater of montane forest. Dark gray plumage, paler on the throat and underparts with pale edged feathers especially on the chest, giving an attractive pattern. The most prominent feature is the large yellow patch of bare facial skin, in a somewhat wobbly shape which can flush to red. Mainly feeds on fruit, and not shy, often perching out in the open. Similar species do not co-occur. Call, a 2-note, upslurred whistle “puu-wiii!” or a constantly repeated, sharp “wik!” notes.
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