Rufescent Antshrike
Thamnistes rufescens
Scarce arboreal antbird found in cloud forest along the east slope of the Andes. Its brown and buff plumage, facial pattern, and behavior make it much more likely to be confused with a foliage-gleaner than with other antbirds, but note the stout bill with a hooked tip. Found at middle levels of the forest, and usually encountered with mixed-species flocks. Gives a series of about 8 shrill whistles as well as a faster, rising chatter. No overlap with Russet Antshrike, from which this species was recently split.
识别特征
The rufescent antshrike is 15 to 16 cm (5.9 to 6.3 in) long. The species has a rather stocky body and a heavy bill with a hooked tip. The sexes have almost identical plumage. Adults have a bright ochraceous face with a fainter supercilium. Their forehead, crown, and upperparts are olive-brown. Their tail is rufous and their wings cinnamon-rufous. Their throat is dull olive-yellow and their breast and belly are ochraceous with an olive tinge. Males have a patch of bright orange-rufous between their shoulders; females lack it. In both sexes their iris is light reddish brown, their maxilla dusky horn, their mandible a lighter horn, and their legs and feet olive.
分类信息
The taxonomy of the rufescent antshrike is unsettled. In 2018 the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) and the Clements taxonomy recognized it as a separate species by splitting it from the russet antshrike (T. anabatinus). However, BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) treats it as a subspecies of the "eastern russet antshrike" (T. aequatorialis).<p>The rufescent antshrike is monotypic.
- 学名
- Thamnistes rufescens
- 命名信息
- Cabanis, 1873
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Thamnistes
分布与栖息地
The rufescent antshrike is found south of the Río Marañón on the east slope of the Andes in much of eastern Peru and into at least the departments of La Paz and Cochabamba in western and central Bolivia. It inhabits lowland and lower montane evergreen forest and adjacent secondary forest. It usually remains in the forest subcanopy and canopy. In elevation it ranges between 600 and 1,600 m (2,000 and 5,200 ft) in Peru and probably in a similar interval in Bolivia.
行为
The rufescent antshrike is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The rufescent antshrike's diet and foraging behavior are apparently mostly the same as those of its former "parent" russet antshrike (which see here) though it has not been seen associating with army ant swarms.<p>Nothing is known about the rufescent antshrike's breeding biology.<p>The rufescent antshrike's "slow song" is "a high, slightly accelerating, rising series of thin downslurred whistles: tseeeu-tsew-tsew-tsew-tsew". It also has a "rapid song" that differs from that of the russet antshrike (which see here) "in pace, highest note peak, and rise in frequency". The rufescent antshrike's calls include "a high-pitched swee-tip, or a more simple swee, and in Puno (extreme SE Peru) a short, descending tsew".
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鸟叫声
其他鸟类
White-throated Mountain-gem
Lampornis castaneoventris
Medium-sized hummingbird, male mostly green with bold white throat, white line behind eye, and blue crown. Gray tail in the western parts of range, blue in the east. Female not quite as colorful but still striking: bright buffy underparts with black cheek and white line behind eye. She is very similar to female Purple-throated Mountain-gem but has duller bronzy tail; only safely identified with a good view. A forest hummingbird that also comes out to edges and gardens, visits feeders.
Rufous-breasted Piculet
Picumnus rufiventris
Distinctive orange piculet. Orange below, olive green above, with black-and-white speckled crown and forehead. Larger than other piculets, with a longer bill. Found in dense secondary growth, including bamboo, vine tangles, and successional vegetation along rivers. Forages singly or in pairs in the under- and midstory, sometimes joining mixed-species flocks.
Buff-spotted Woodpecker
Pardipicus nivosus
A small, relatively dark woodpecker of humid forest. Mostly dark olive-green with a paler face and underparts. The throat is streaked, the breast is spotted, and the belly is barred. Males have a small red patch on the back of the head. Found in rainforest and thick secondary forest at low and middle elevations. Spends most of its time at middle levels and in the understory. Similar to Brown-eared Woodpecker, but smaller, without a dark cheek patch. Also reminiscent of Green-backed and Little Green Woodpeckers, but separated by the spotted rather than barred breast. Not very vocal, but does give a descending, mournful whistle.
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