Gray-tailed Tattler
Tringa brevipes
A handsomely-marked medium-sized gray shorebird with a medium-length, straight bill. Similar to Wandering Tattler; note wider white eyebrows that meet on the forehead above the bill, shorter nasal groove (only visible at close range), and finer and paler barring on the underparts (present only in the breeding season) that do not usually extend to the undertail coverts. Breeds near water in taiga and tundra, and frequents reefs, mangroves, mudflats, and beaches on migration and during the non-breeding season. Most common call is a two-note “too-lee,” but also gives trills similar to those of Wandering, especially when alarmed.
识别特征
The grey-tailed tattler is closely related to its North American counterpart, the wandering tattler (T. incana) and is difficult to distinguish from that species. Both tattlers are unique among the species of Tringa for having unpatterned, greyish wings and back, and a scaly breast pattern extending more or less onto the belly in breeding plumage, in which both also have a rather prominent supercilium.<p>These birds resemble common redshanks in shape and size. The upper parts, underwings, face and neck are grey, and the belly is white. They have short yellowish legs and a bill with a pale base and dark tip. There is a weak supercilium.<p>They are very similar to their American counterpart, and differentiation depends on details like the length of the nasal groove and scaling on the tarsus. The best distinction is the call; grey-tailed has a disyllabic whistle, and wandering a rippling trill.
分类信息
- 学名
- Tringa brevipes
- 命名信息
- (Vieillot, 1816)
- 目
- Charadriiformes
- 科
- Scolopacidae
- 属
- Tringa
分布与栖息地
- 繁殖区
- PAL : (mainly) subarctic tundra of nc, ne Palearctic: montane Krasnoyarsk (wc Siberia) and Yana River to Anadyr Pen. and Kamchatka (ec, e Siberia)
- 非繁殖区
- e IO and w PO islands : subtropical to tropical mainly muddy to sandy Pacific coasts: Malay Pen., Indonesian Arch., New Guinea region, w, n, e Australia, Melanesia, New Zealand, Micronesia, Fiji and Tuvalu (w Polynesia)
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
Its breeding habitat is stony riverbeds in northeast Siberia. It nests on the ground, but these birds will perch in trees. They sometimes use old nests of other birds as well.<p>Grey-tailed tattlers are strongly migratory and winter on muddy and sandy coasts from southeast Asia to Australia. They are very rare vagrants to western North America and western Europe. These are not particularly gregarious birds and are seldom seen in large flocks except at roosts.<p>These birds forage on the ground or water, picking up food by sight. They eat insects, crustaceans and other invertebrates.
保护状况
Grey-tailed tattlers are not listed as "threatened" on the Australian Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.<p>The grey-tailed tattler is listed as "threatened" on the Victorian Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act (1988). Under this Act, an Action Statement for the recovery and future management of this species has not been prepared. On the 2007 advisory list of threatened vertebrate fauna in Victoria, the grey-tailed tattler is listed as critically endangered.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Pacific Flatbill
Rhynchocyclus pacificus
Shy and inconspicuous flycatcher of lowland and foothill rainforest in western Colombia and northwestern Ecuador. Plumage is mostly olive with yellowish streaks on underparts, gray eyering, and brown patches in wings. Bill is very wide at the base, though this may not be evident when the bird is seen from the side. Similar to Fulvous-breasted Flatbill, but Pacific lacks tawny breast and is usually found at lower elevations. Also similar to Olivaceous Flatbill, but has brown (not yellow) in the wings. Typically found alone or in pairs at fairly low levels inside the forest, and sometimes joins mixed-species flocks.
Red-flanked Bluetail
Tarsiger cyanurus
Beautiful adult male is shimmering sky-blue above and pale below, with orange sides and a small white eyebrow. Female and juvenile are more subdued, but still have the rufous flanks and blue tail. Breeds in mature taiga and montane forests, often favoring mossy, damp areas. Winters in a range of wooded areas, including parks and forest edges. Can be hyperactive, moving quickly across the forest floor, stopping to flick the tail downwards. Feeds on insects and berries in the autumn. Song is a short series of bright, pleasant warbles. Calls include a rising “sweet”, a descending “seet”, and a series of low, dry notes.
Black-winged Pratincole
Glareola nordmanni
Similar to other pratincoles, the Black-winged Pratincole is an elegant shorebird of dry habitats, not necessarily mud. Very similar to Collared Pratincole, but in flight lacks whitish wing trailing edge seen on Collared and the underwing feathers are black not rufous. Note however, that both of these features may be very difficult to notice in the field, depending on light conditions. When standing its legs are longer and tail shorter, resulting in primary feathers projecting beyond the tail tip, but beware of Collared Pratincoles molting their elongated outer tail feathers. Flight call is very similar to Collared Pratincole, but slightly lower-pitched.
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