Warsangli Linnet

Long-tailed, long-legged understory bird with a brownish-green cap. Found in spiny forest at low elevations in southwestern Madagascar. Sometimes uses degraded forest. Rather shy, and quickly walks away from any disturbance. Most common calls are an explosive, ascending series of whistles and a low-pitched “hoo-hoo-hoo”. Similar to Running Coua, but has longer tail and legs, and lacks the pink facial skin of Running. Smaller than Giant Coua, without its rufous belly and pink facial skin.

Small, strikingly-plumaged antbird with a long tail and a very restricted range. Inhabits the understory of low stature or regenerating forests, forest edges, scrub, and abandoned plantations where it is very active and occasionally joins mixed-species flocks. Much plumage variation, with coastal males near Rio de Janeiro (formerly split as Restinga Antwren) being almost uniformly sooty-black with only slightly grayer back and spotted white wingbars. Two more northerly subspecies vary between rufous-brown and dark gray above, but both are black below with a bold white eyebrow and white wing spots. In all subspecies, females are pale whitish below and brown above with a bold white eyebrow. Male song is a monotonous series of harsh chip notes; female gives nasal squeaks.

Distinctive large chunky shorebird of rocky coasts, adjacent sandy beaches and river mouths. The only all-dark oystercatcher in South America, readily identified by wholly dark plumage, long orange-red bill, thick pinkish legs. Found as singles and pairs, less often small flocks (mainly when roosting), and associates readily with Magellanic and especially American Oystercatchers. Loud piping whistles sound similar to American Oystercatcher.