Marsh Tapaculo
Scytalopus iraiensis
Small, dark ash-gray tapaculo. Note the unbarred dark brown vent. Occurs in marshy areas with dense tall grasses and sedges, where usually devilishly difficult to see. The song is a long (c. 30 seconds) repetition of “tchek” notes.
识别特征
It is a small, dumpy bird with broad tail-feathers and a total length of approximately 12.5 cm. The upperparts are plain blackish in colour while the underparts are dark grey. The flanks are slightly barred with brown, at least in young birds. The legs are reddish-brown and the bill is dark. The song includes a long series of short 'tchek' notes. The birds run rapidly and will fly short distances when flushed.[citation needed]
分类信息
- 学名
- Scytalopus iraiensis
- 命名信息
- Bornschein, Reinert & Pichorim, 1998
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Rhinocryptidae
- 属
- Scytalopus
分布与栖息地
It was first sighted on April 19, 1997 in wetlands beside the Iraí River near Curitiba in southern Brazil. Until recently it was generally believed to be restricted to about two dozen sites in the eastern part of Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul, but has now been discovered in the highlands of Minas Gerais – far north of its previously known range.[citation needed]<p>It occurs in seasonally flooded grassland in the floodplains of rivers. It inhabits areas of tall (60–180 cm), dense vegetation dominated by sedges (such as Eleocharis) and grasses. It forages at or near ground-level and feeds on small arthropods, mainly insects such as bugs and beetles. Breeding occurs in late spring.[citation needed]
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
It is classified as an endangered species due to its small and declining population and destruction of its habitat. Threats include drainage, sand extraction, burning of grassland and the flooding of land due to the construction of dams. Despite the recently discovered populations in Minas Gerais, some of which are within protected areas (the national parks of Serra do Cipó and Serra da Canastra, and the private reserve Serra do Caraça), it has been recommended not downgrading it to a lower threatened status, but it remains to be seen if this will be followed.[citation needed]
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Scaled Chachalaca
Ortalis squamata
Medium-sized chachalaca with brown plumage and a heavily scaled throat and upper breast. Found at forest edges and in second growth, where it forages in small groups on the ground and trees. May visit bird feeders. Sings an incredibly loud “re-a-tok”, repeated continually.
Red-faced Guan
Penelope dabbenei
Mostly arboreal guan endemic to the semi-humid forest with Podocarpus and alders of the mid-elevation east Andes in southern Bolivia and northeast Argentina. Often in ravines and river basins. The sympatric Dusky-legged Guan is more common, but shows grayish-blue skin around the eye. Tends to perch high in trees, singly or in pairs, and often found by far-carrying vocalizations given from high in trees. Note pale supercilium, dull pinkish legs, exposed red orbital skin and wattle.
Black Guillemot
Cepphus grylle
Small seabird of coastal areas of the North Atlantic and Alaska. Breeding plumage is entirely black with bold white patch on wings and bright red legs. Changes dramatically in winter to whitish overall with some dusky markings on body and black wingtips. Often found in shallower coastal waters including from shore. Dives to hunt for fish and invertebrates. Nests in crevice or burrow in a cliff or around large rocks.
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