Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet
Touit purpuratus
Small parrot of lowland rainforest and savanna regions; more common in areas with sandy soils, but rarely seen well. Usually in small flocks that fly rapidly through or above canopy, settling into trees where they essentially disappear. When perched, best identified by small size and combination of blue rump and red outer tail feathers. In flight, gives drawn-out, complaining call note, very unlike calls of other parrots in range. Feeds on fruit.
识别特征
The sapphire-rumped parrotlet is 17 to 18 cm (6.7 to 7.1 in) long and weighs 54 to 66 g (1.9 to 2.3 oz). Its body is mostly green, darker above than below, and with a blue lower back and rump. The nominate subspecies' forehead and crown are olive brown and those of T. p. viridiceps are green; both have a white eye ring. The species has dusky brown scapulars that appear as a "V" when the wings are folded; females' are paler than males'. Their carpal bar is violet blue. The male's central tail feathers are green and the others red with blackish tips; female's add a green band near the tip. Immatures resemble females but are duller overall and have an olive rump.
分类信息
The sapphire-rumped parrotlet was described in 1781 by the English ornithologist John Latham under the English name "purple-tailed parakeet". Latham's specimen had come from Cayenne in French Guiana. When in 1788 the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin revised and expanded Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae, he included the sapphire-rumped parrotlet with a short description, coined the binomial name Psittacus purpuratus, and cited Latham's work. The sapphire-rumped parrotlet is now placed with seven other parrotlets in the genus Touit that was introduced in 1855 by the English zoologist George Robert Gray. The genus name is derived from the extinct Tupi language that was spoken by native people in Brazil: Tuí eté means "really little parrot". The specific epithet purpuratus is Latin meaning "clad in purple".<p>Two subspecies are recognized, the nominate T. p. purpuratus (Gmelin, 1788) and T. p. viridiceps (Chapman, 1929).
- 学名
- Touit purpuratus
- 命名信息
- (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
- 目
- Psittaciformes
- 科
- Psittacidae
- 属
- Touit
分布与栖息地
The nominate subspecies of the sapphire-rumped parrotlet is found across northern South America from Cerro Duida in Venezuela through the Guianas and northern Amazonian Brazil to the Atlantic in the state of Maranhão. Subspecies T. p. viridiceps is found from Cerro Duida east into northwestern Brazil to the upper Rio Negro and west and south through southeastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, and northeastern Peru.<p>In the tepui region where Venezuela, Guyana, and Brazil meet, the sapphire-rumped parrotlet inhabits evergreen montane forest up to about 1,400 m (4,600 ft). Elsewhere it occurs in lowland rainforest favoring várzea, but also savanna, remaining woodlots in otherwise cleared landscapes, and isolated mountains in the Guianan lowlands. In Brazil it locally reaches 1,200 m (3,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The movements, if any, of the sapphire-rumped parrotlet are not known.<p>The sapphire-rumped parrotlet mostly feeds on fruits; those of figs (Ficus) and members of several other families have been identified. "In NE Peru recorded feeding on leaves, shoots and bark of Terminalia catappa (Combretaceae) as well as on dead wood."<p>The sapphire-rumped parrotlet's nesting seasons include March in Venezuela and both April and November in the Guianas. Known nests have been cavities in dead trees and in arboreal termite nests. The clutch size is thought to be three to five eggs. The incubation period, time to fledging, and details of parental care are not known.<p>The sapphire-rumped parrotlet's flight call is an "almost goose-like" "nasal 'nyaah'". Flocks in flight call together, "resulting in a continuous nasal chattering sound." It also makes a "rapid rattling “che-che-che”" when perched.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Black-eared Hemispingus
Sphenopsis melanotis
Small warblerlike tanager found in the Andes from extreme western Venezuela to Bolivia. Brownish above and tawny-orange below, with color concentrated on the breast. Note gray nape and crown, and black cheek. Some geographic variation: birds on west slope of Andes in Ecuador and Colombia are dullest with no black cheek, while birds in northwest Peru and southern Ecuador are brightest below with a bold white eyebrow. Usually uncommon; found in pairs in the understory or middle levels of montane forests and edges from around 1,400–2,500 m. Especially apt to be found in areas with chusquea bamboo. Listen for its sputtering chatter.
Rufous-legged Owl
Strix rufipes
Large nocturnal owl of temperate southern forests; fairly common but rarely encountered. Roosts and calls mainly in upper to middle levels of canopy, usually well hidden, but often hunts from low perches at forest edges and along roadsides. Rounded head (no “ears”) and dark brown eyes are distinctive. Compare with the larger Magellanic Horned Owl, which favors more open habitats. Loud barking and hooting song is striking and carries well on still nights.
Philippine Trogon
Harpactes ardens
A fairly large, long-tailed bird of lowland and low-elevation montane forest. Brown on the back, with barred wings, a white undertail, a yellow bill with blue at the base, and blue bare skin around the eye. Female has mustard-yellow underparts and an olive-brown head, whereas the spectacular male has a black head, a pink chest, and a red belly. Unmistakable. The only species of trogon in the Philippines. Song is a descending series that first accelerates, then decelerates.
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