African Gray Hornbill
Lophoceros nasutus
An ashy-colored hornbill with a bicolored bill that differs between the sexes: the male’s bill is mostly dark with a pale wedge at the base, and the female’s bill is mostly ivory above with a purple-reddish tip. It has a buoyant and undulating flight pattern; note the pale rump and pale tail tip. Pairs are common in open dry savanna and broadleaved woodland. Its territorial call, given with the bill raised skywards and the wings flicked with each note, is a long series of plaintive piping “piu-piu-piu” notes that concludes with some rolling whistles. The similar Pale-billed Hornbill differs by having a pale bill lacking any dark coloration.
识别特征
At 45–51 cm (18–20 in) in length, the African grey hornbill is a large bird, although it is one of the smaller hornbills. Its plumage is grey and brown, with the head, flight feathers and long tail being of a darker shade. There is a white line down each side of the crown and another down the back which is only visible in flight. Their long curved bills feature a small casque along the upper culmen, which is more prominent in males than females. A dark upper mandible with creamy-yellow mark or horizontal stripe is diagnostic of males, whereas females have tricoloured, red-tipped mandibles. The plumage of the male and female is similar. That of juveniles doesn't differ much from adults, but their bills are initially uniformly blackish. The flight is undulating. The similarly sized red-billed hornbills occur in similar savannah habitats but have pied plumage.<p>This conspicuous bird advertises its presence with a piping pee-o pee-o pee-o call.
分类信息
In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the African grey hornbill in the fourth volume of his Ornithologie based on a specimen collected in Senegal. He used the French name Le calao à bec noir du Sénégal and the Latin name Hydrocorax Senegalensis Melanorynchos. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognized by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his Systema Naturae for the twelfth edition he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson in his Ornithologie. Linnaeus included a terse description of the African grey hornbill, placed it with the other hornbills in the genus Buceros and coined the binomial name Buceros nasutus.<p>The African grey hornbill is now placed in the genus Lophoceros that was introduced in 1833 by two German naturalists, Wilhelm Hemprich and Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg. This genus was resurrected in 2013 to contain a group of hornbills that had previously been placed in the genus Tockus. The genus name Lophoceros combines the Ancient Greek lophos meaning "crest" with kerōs meaning "horn". The specific epithet nasutus is from Latin and means "large-nosed".<p>Two subspecies are recognized:
- 学名
- Lophoceros nasutus
- 命名信息
- (Linnaeus, 1766)
- 目
- Bucerotiformes
- 科
- Bucerotidae
- 属
- Lophoceros
分布与栖息地
African grey hornbill is widespread over much of sub-Saharan Africa. It prefers open woodland and savannah.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: stable.
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Black-and-tawny Seedeater
Sporophila nigrorufa
Small seedeater with a short thick bill. Males are black and cinnamon-colored; note the cinnamon rump. Females are green-olive, like other female seedeaters. Occurs in grassy areas near water; may gather in large flocks of up to 100 individuals in the non-breading season, but has a very limited global range.
Chestnut-headed Crake
Anurolimnas castaneiceps
Tall, distinctively-colored crake. Grayish-brown body, with a big orange hood over the head and upper body; bright red eye. Not as closely associated with water as other crakes and rails; usually found in dense secondary growth. Early bamboo growth seems to be its favored habitat in some areas. Its song is often given in duet; a bouncing two-part whistle: “toot, toorrr, toot, toorrr…” that is easily imitated.
White-necked Hawk
Buteogallus lacernulatus
Medium-sized pied hawk of dense Atlantic Forest. Note yellow bill base, white head and belly, and black back. Tail is white with a black sub-terminal band. Can be confused with Mantled Hawk which is larger and lacks the dark terminal tail band. Juveniles have dark streaks on the crown.
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