Vilcabamba Thistletail
Asthenes vilcabambae
Rarely-seen thistletail found only in a small area of the high Andes north of the city of Abancay in southern Peru. It has a long tail, brown upperparts, gray underparts, and a faint tawny chin patch that is very indistinct on some birds. Not known to overlap with other thistletails. Inhabits scrub and stunted forest near treeline. Song is a series of high, piping whistles that accelerates at the end.
识别特征
The Vilcabamba thistletail is 18 to 20 cm (7.1 to 7.9 in) long and weighs 18.5 to 22 g (0.65 to 0.78 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a brownish face with a paler brown forehead and wide supercilium. Their crown is brownish faintly spotted with black. Their back and rump are brownish and their wings dark brown with rufous edges to the feathers. Their tail is a paler but more rufescent brown than the back; it is long and deeply forked with few barbs at the feather ends that give a ragged appearance. Their chin is light ochraceous to tawny, their throat pale grayish brown, and their underparts a darker grayish with a faint scaled appearance and brownish flanks. Their iris is dark brown, their bill blackish to dark gray with sometimes a pale base to the mandible, and their legs and feet dark bluish gray.
分类信息
The Vilcabamba thistletail was originally described as a subspecies of the white-chinned thistletail (then Schizoeaca fuliginosa, now Asthenes fuliginosa). It was later separated as a species, and later still was treated as conspecific with what is now the Ayacucho thistletail (Asthenes ayacuchensis). These species and several others were long assigned to genus Schizoeaca but genetic data showed that the genus is embedded within Asthenes. A phylogenetic study published in 2015 that examined both DNA sequence data and vocalization recordings of members of the genus Asthenes found that the Ayacucho thistletail was more similar to the eye-ringed thistletail than it was to the Vilcabamba thistletail. Based on this evidence the Vilcabamba and Ayacucho thistletails were separated as species.<p>The Vilcabamba thistletail is monotypic.
- 学名
- Asthenes vilcabambae
- 命名信息
- (Vaurie, Weske & Terborgh, 1972)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Asthenes
分布与栖息地
The Vilcabamba thistletail is found only in the northern and central Cordillera Vilcabamba of Peru. There it occurs east of the Apurímac River in the departments of Junín and Cuzco. It primarily inhabits elfin forest and Polylepis woodlands in the tree line ecotone. It is found in lesser numbers in the higher páramo grassland and lower cloudforest. It favors areas with dense stands of Chusquea bamboo. In elevation it ranges mostly between 2,800 and 3,600 m (9,200 and 11,800 ft) and is rarely found as low as 2,500 m (8,200 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Vilcabamba thistletail is believed to be a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The Vilcabamba thistletail's diet and foraging behavior are essentially unknown. It is usually seen singly or in pairs. It is assumed to feed mostly on arthropods that it gleans from foliage.<p>Nothing is known about the Vicabamba thistletail's breeding biology.<p>The Volcabamba thistletail's main song is "several clear, slightly rising notes that progressively increase in speed...into a fast trill...and then ends on a single slightly lower-pitched note." Another song is "short, fast bursts of 3-4 strongly overslurred notes". Its main call is a short "pyeek".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Japanese Robin
Larvivora akahige
Small migratory songbird of mature forest with distinctive orange breast and dull brown upperparts. Sticks to undergrowth in both montane breeding grounds and lowland wintering grounds, though presence in the former may be given away by its loud song: a trill following a single introductory note. Forages on the ground and prefers to stick to shady areas. Occasionally found in parks and gardens on migration.
Colombian Chachalaca
Ortalis columbiana
Large chickenlike bird. Restricted to central Colombia; the only chachalaca in its limited range. Plain brown with scaly neck and breast, bare red skin on throat, and rufous outer tail feathers. Sexes similar. Found in forested habitats, including open woodlands and scrubby edges. Usually in small family groups or pairs. Listen for raucous calls, similar to other chachalacas.
Fly River Grassbird
Poodytes albolimbatus
A fairly small bird of marshes in the Trans-Fly of New Guinea. Best seen by boat. Rufous crown, rump and upper tail, whitish underparts with buffy flanks, heavily streaked orange-brown back and black wing feathers edged with white. Inquisitive and often keeps its tail cocked and wings drooped. Similar to Tawny and Little Grassbirds, but Fly River has an unstreaked, rufous crown, and is smaller than Tawny. Voice, a monotone whistle and a harsh “chat!”.
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