Square-tailed Drongo
Dicrurus ludwigii
Small drongo with a slightly notched tail. Found in open forest, thick woodland, and thickets. Not as bold or conspicuous as the common Fork-tailed Drongo. Often in pairs. Song is an explosive and highly variable mix of whistles, squeals, and rasps. Similar to Velvet-mantled and Fork-tailed drongos, but with a much less forked tail. Very similar to Shining Drongo, but Square-tailed has less glossy plumage, a redder eye, and prefers drier habitats. Distinguished from black-flycatchers by heavier bill and red eye. Upright posture is unlike other all-black mid-sized birds.
识别特征
The square-tailed drongo (Dicrurus ludwigii), formerly the common square-tailed drongo, is a passerine bird in the family Dicruridae. It is a common resident breeder in parts of southern Africa. These insectivorous birds are usually found in forests or dense bush. They are aggressive and fearless birds, given their small size, at 19 cm (7.5 in), and will attack much larger species if their nest or young are threatened. The male is mainly glossy black, although the wings are duller. The female is similar but less glossy. The bill is black and heavy, and the eye is red. This species is similar to the fork-tailed drongo, but is smaller, and the shorter tail lacks the deep fork which gives the latter species its name. The fork-tailed drongo is also typically found in more open habitat. The common square-tailed drongo has short legs and sits very upright whilst perched prominently, like a shrike. It flycatches or take prey from the ground. The call is a harsh cherit-cherit. Two to three eggs are laid in a cup nest in a fork high in a tree.
分类信息
The square-tailed drongo was described by the Scottish zoologist Andrew Smith in 1834 from birds observed around Port Natal (now Durban) in South Africa. He coined the binomial name Edolius ludwigii. The specific epithet was chosen to honour the German botanist Baron von Ludwig who collected plants in South Africa between 1805 and 1847. It is now placed with the other drongos in the genus Dicrurus that was introduced by the French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot in 1816. Based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2018, the taxonomy of the square-tailed drongo complex was reorganised. Sharpe's drongo which had previously been treated as a subspecies of Dicrurus ludwigii was promoted to species rank becoming Dicrurus sharpei. But those birds previously in Dicrurus ludwigii sharpei occurring between Senegal and the Niger River were considered as a separate species, the western square-tailed drongo (Dicrurus occidentalis).<p>Four subspecies are recognised:
- 学名
- Dicrurus ludwigii
- 命名信息
- (Smith, A, 1834)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Dicruridae
- 属
- Dicrurus
分布与栖息地
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: stable.
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
New Caledonian Whistler
Pachycephala caledonica
Orangey-yellow and olive whistler with a gray head and contrasting white throat. Female is much plainer, dull olive-brown with paler underparts and whitish throat. Found throughout New Caledonia, preferring native forests but somewhat tolerant of disturbed habitats. Best found through its distinctive relatively low-pitched, snappy up-down clear whistled song.
Black Tinamou
Tinamus osgoodi
Large, rare tinamou found in cloud forest along the east slope of the Andes. It is uniformly sooty gray, much darker and plainer than Gray Tinamou. Rusty lower underparts are hard to see in the field. Like other forest tinamous, it is far more likely to be heard than seen. Vocalizations include a low, drawn out coo, like a dove’s but longer, and a series of low, modulated whistles.
White-bibbed Ground Dove
Pampusana jobiensis
A little known, medium-sized ground dove of foothill and lower montane forest. Dark body with purplish sheen on the upper back and shoulders, distinctive white throat, chest, and eyebrow. Some females appear to be duller versions of the male, while others resemble the juvenile with no white. Nomadic and feeds on the ground, including on seeding bamboo. Male-type unmistakeable. Juvenile-type similar to Bronze Ground Dove, but White-bibbed is larger and longer tailed. Voice a series of deep, flat “hoop-hoop” notes, and a froglike croak.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。