Spotted Bamboowren
Psilorhamphus guttatus
Strange-looking small bird with a slender bill and a rather long tail. Found in bamboo stands in humid forests and second growth where it can be very hard to see. Males have a spotted gray head, back, and breast and a brown tail, rump, and belly, which is faintly barred. Females are similar but browner. The song can be delivered loudly or quietly and can be easily overlooked.
识别特征
The spotted bamboowren is 13.5 cm (5.3 in) long. Males weigh 10.5 to 13 g (0.37 to 0.46 oz), and one specimen thought to be a female weighed 11.5 g (0.41 oz). The adult male's head and upper back are gray, and the lower back brownish. The throat and upper breast are whitish to buff, merging to buff on the lower breast and belly. The back, wings, and belly are sprinkled with small white, brown, or black spots. The adult female is similar, but the top of the head and upper back are brown, and the upper breast buffy.
分类信息
The spotted bamboowren is the only member of its genus and has no subspecies. It has at various times been placed in families Formicariidae (the antthrushes), Sylviidae ("typical" warblers), Thamnophilidae (antbirds), Troglodytidae (wrens), and Polioptilidae (gnatcatchers). Studies of its morphology and later of its genetics have firmly placed it in the tapaculo family.<p>The spotted bamboowren is genetically most closely related to the rusty-belted tapaculo (Liosceles thoracicus).
- 学名
- Psilorhamphus guttatus
- 命名信息
- (Ménétriés, 1835)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Conopophagidae
- 属
- Psilorhamphus
分布与栖息地
The spotted bamboowren is endemic to the Atlantic Forest biome of Brazil and Argentina. Its range extends from southeastern Minas Gerais and western Espírito Santo through Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil into Argentina's northern Misiones Province. It might also occur in southeastern Paraguay, though the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (AOS) has not confirmed that.<p>As its name implies, the spotted bamboowren is usually found in bamboo, typically at the edge of dense forest, but also in tangles of vines and other dense foliage. In the northern part of its range it is found from 600 to 1,000 m (2,000 to 3,300 ft) elevation and in the south from 300 m (980 ft) up.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The spotted bamboowren typically feeds around 2 m (6.6 ft) above ground in bamboo and branches but up to 7 m (23 ft) in vine tangles. It occasionally forages on the ground. Its principle prey is insects and insect larvae.<p>The spotted bamboowren's breeding phenology has not been studied.<p>The spotted bamboowren's song is described as "wood-wood-wood" repeated for up to 20 seconds with changing pitch and volume [1].
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Gray Antwren
Myrmotherula menetriesii
Small antwren of rainforest midstory. Males are pale gray with black and white wing bars. Throat is gray in most of its range, but in southwestern Amazonia the center of the throat is black (but never as extensive as the broad black bib of Long-winged Antwren, which also is overall a darker gray). Females are light buffy tan below, gray above, with no wing bars, appearing more two-toned than very similar but more evenly-colored female Long-winged Antwren. Often can be heard singing in the early morning, an even paced series of rising “wuee” notes at a pace of about two notes per second.
Firethroat
Calliope pectardens
Male is stunning, with a metallic blue back, a black mask extending down to the shoulder, and a burning flame-orange throat and breast. Female is plain brown and very difficult to distinguish from female Indian Blue Robin (which generally breeds at lower altitudes than Firethroat) and Siberian Blue Robin (which overlaps with Firethroat only on migration); look out for the female Firethroat’s relatively brighter white throat, darker underparts, and lack of scaling on the breast. The species is shy, keeping to the undergrowth, but will emerge into the open to sing; song is repetitive and pleasant, with imitations and deeper notes thrown in. Breeds in dense, low montane vegetation; winters in similar habitat in lower foothills.
Bateleur
Terathopius ecaudatus
A very distinctive, short-tailed eagle. Young birds are uniformly dark brown, and adults are mostly black with a bright red face and legs. Sexes differ, especially in flight, and can be told by the width of the black band on the back edge of the white underwing: narrow in females, broad in males. It flies low when foraging, with wings lifted above the body and rocking from left to right in an unstable-looking fashion. Bateleurs hunt small animals and eat carrion, and they are often among the first raptors to arrive at a carcass.
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